The Effect of Different l‐Carnitine Administration Routes on the Development of Atherosclerosis in ApoE Knockout Mice. Issue 5 (5th February 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhao, Ying; Yang, Ning; Gao, Jinmao; Li, Hanying; Cai, Wei; Zhang, Xin; Ma, Yongqiang; Niu, Xiulong; Yang, Guohong; Zhou, Xin; Li, Yuming
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 62:Issue 5(2018)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2018-02-05
• Subjects: atherosclerosis -- l‐carnitine -- Ly6Chi monocyte subset -- microbiota -- trimethylamine‐N‐oxide (TMAO); Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700299
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : Scope: l ‐Carnitine (LC) is abundant in red meat and is widely added to health supplements and food. This study focuses on the adverse effects of oral supplementation of 1.3% LC in ApoE −/− mice and whether the parenteral administration of LC (subcutaneously, sub) has any impact on the development of atherosclerosis. Methods and results: Mice are randomly divided into three groups ( n = 15). All mice are fed a high‐fat diet (HFD). The number of Ly6C hi monocytes; degree of atherosclerosis; plasma LC, γ‐butyrobetaine (γBB), and trimethylamine‐N‐oxide (TMAO) levels; and microbial community composition are analyzed. Compared with the HFD and HFD ± LC (sub) groups, the number of Ly6C hi monocytes, atherosclerotic plaque area, and plasma γBB and TMAO levels are increased in the HFD ± LC (oral) group ( p < 0.001). Plasma LC levels in the HFD ± LC (sub) group are higher than those in other groups. The levels of γBB, TMAO, and Ly6C hi monocytes are positively correlated with atherosclerotic plaque area ( p < 0.01), and TMAO is positively correlated with Bacteroidetes and negatively correlated with Firmicutes at the phylum level. Conclusion: In contrast with oral LC administration, subcutaneous LC administration, which bypasses its conversion to TMAO in the liver, does not have a detrimental effect on the development of atherosclerosis in male ApoE −/− mice. Taking LC parenterally may be preferable among patients who require LC supplementation. Abstract : Metabolism ofl ‐Carnitine differs depending on the route of administration, which may cause the observed differences in therapeutic effects.