Prehospital Application of the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale by Emergency Medical Services. Issue 1 (10th August 2016)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Prehospital Application of the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale by Emergency Medical Services. Issue 1 (10th August 2016)
- Main Title:
- Prehospital Application of the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale by Emergency Medical Services
- Authors:
- Leeies, Murdoch
ffrench, Cheryl
Strome, Trevor
Weldon, Erin
Bullard, Michael
Grierson, Rob - Abstract:
- Abstract: Objectives: Triage is fundamental to emergency patient assessment. Effective triage systems accurately prioritize patients and help predict resource utilization. CTAS is a validated five-level triage score utilized in Emergency Departments (EDs) across Canada and internationally. Historically CTAS has been applied by triage nurses in EDs. Observational evidence suggests that the CTAS might be implemented reliably by paramedics in the prehospital setting. This is the first system-wide assessment of CTAS interrater reliability between paramedics and triage nurses during clinical practice. Methods: Variables were extracted from hospital and EMS databases. EMS providers determined CTAS on-scene, CTAS pre-transport, and CTAS on-arrival at hospital for each patient (N=14, 378). The hospital arrival EMS CTAS (CTAS arrival ) score was compared to the initial nursing CTAS score (CTAS initial ) and the final nursing CTAS score (CTAS final ) incuding nursing overrides. Interrater reliability between ED CTAS initial and EMS CTAS arrival scores was assessed. Interrater reliability between ED CTAS final and EMS CTAS arrival scores, as well as proportion of patient encounters with perfect or near-perfect agreement, were evaluated. Results: Our primary outcome, interrater reliability [kappa=0.437 ( p <0.001, 95% CI 0.421-0.452)], indicated moderate agreement. EMS CTAS arrival and ED CTAS initial scores had an exact or within one point match 84.3% of the time. The secondaryAbstract: Objectives: Triage is fundamental to emergency patient assessment. Effective triage systems accurately prioritize patients and help predict resource utilization. CTAS is a validated five-level triage score utilized in Emergency Departments (EDs) across Canada and internationally. Historically CTAS has been applied by triage nurses in EDs. Observational evidence suggests that the CTAS might be implemented reliably by paramedics in the prehospital setting. This is the first system-wide assessment of CTAS interrater reliability between paramedics and triage nurses during clinical practice. Methods: Variables were extracted from hospital and EMS databases. EMS providers determined CTAS on-scene, CTAS pre-transport, and CTAS on-arrival at hospital for each patient (N=14, 378). The hospital arrival EMS CTAS (CTAS arrival ) score was compared to the initial nursing CTAS score (CTAS initial ) and the final nursing CTAS score (CTAS final ) incuding nursing overrides. Interrater reliability between ED CTAS initial and EMS CTAS arrival scores was assessed. Interrater reliability between ED CTAS final and EMS CTAS arrival scores, as well as proportion of patient encounters with perfect or near-perfect agreement, were evaluated. Results: Our primary outcome, interrater reliability [kappa=0.437 ( p <0.001, 95% CI 0.421-0.452)], indicated moderate agreement. EMS CTAS arrival and ED CTAS initial scores had an exact or within one point match 84.3% of the time. The secondary interrater reliability outcome between hospital arrival EMS CTAS (CTAS arrival ) score and the final ED triage CTAS score (CTAS final ) showed moderate agreement with kappa =0.452 ( p <0.001, 95% CI 0.437-0.466). Conclusions: Interrater reliability of CTAS scoring between triage nurses and paramedics was moderate in this system-wide implementation study. RÉSUMÉ: Objectifs: Le triage est un élément essentiel de l'évaluation des patients au service des urgences. Des systèmes efficaces de triage permettent de classer exactement les patients en ordre de priorité et aident à prévoir l'utilisation des ressources. L'ECTG est une échelle à cinq niveaux, validée et appliquée dans les services des urgences (SU) partout au Canada et ailleurs dans le monde. Les infirmiers de triage l'utilisent depuis longtemps dans les SU. Or, d'après des données d'observation, les ambulanciers paramédicaux pourraient appliquer l'ECTG en milieu préhospitalier, et ce, d'une manière fiable. Il sera donc question ici de la première évaluation systémique de la fiabilité interévaluateurs, au regard de l'ECTG, entre ambulanciers paramédicaux et infirmiers de triage en pratique clinique. Méthode: Il y a eu extraction de variables provenant de bases de données d'hôpitaux et de SMU. Des fournisseurs de SMU ont déterminé, pour chacun des patients (n=14 378), le degré de gravité (DG) selon l'ECTG sur les lieux de l'événement, avant le transport dans un SU et à l'arrivée à l'hôpital. Le DG assigné par les SMU selon l'ECTG à l'arrivée à l'hôpital (ECTG arrivée ) a été comparé au DG initial assigné par les infirmiers de triage selon l'ECTG (ECTG initial ) ainsi qu'au DG définitif assigné par les infirmiers de triage selon l'ECTG (ECTG définitif ), y compris aux évaluations prépondérantes du personnel infirmier. La fiabilité interévaluateurs entre le DG indiqué au SU sur l'ECTG initial et le DG indiqué par les SMU sur l'ECTG arrivée a fait l'objet de comparaison; il en est allé de même pour le DG indiqué au SU sur l'ECTG définitif et le DG indiqué par les SMU sur l'ECTG arrivée . Enfin, les chercheurs ont évalué la proportion de patients pour lesquels la concordance d'évaluation était parfaite ou quasi parfaite. Résultats: Le principal critère d'évaluation consistait en la fiabilité interévaluateurs (kappa=0, 437 [ p <0, 001; IC à 95 % : 0, 421-0, 452]), qui a révélé un degré moyen de concordance; le DG assigné par les SMU sur l'ECTG arrivée et le DG assigné au SU sur l'ECTG initial concordaient exactement ou à un point près dans 84, 3 % des cas. Quant au critère d'évaluation secondaire relatif à la fiabilité interévaluateurs, la comparaison entre le DG indiqué par les SMU sur l'ECTG arrivée et le DG indiqué au SU sur l'ECTG définitif a révélé un degré moyen de concordance (kappa=0, 452; [ p <0, 001; IC à 95 % : 0, 437-0, 466]). Conclusions: Le degré de fiabilité interévaluateurs relatif à l'évaluation du DG selon l'ECTG entre infirmiers de triage et ambulanciers paramédicaux s'est révélé moyen dans cette étude systémique de mise en œuvre. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- CJEM. Volume 19:Issue 1(2017:Jan.)
- Journal:
- CJEM
- Issue:
- Volume 19:Issue 1(2017:Jan.)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 19, Issue 1 (2017)
- Year:
- 2017
- Volume:
- 19
- Issue:
- 1
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2017-0019-0001-0000
- Page Start:
- 26
- Page End:
- 31
- Publication Date:
- 2016-08-10
- Subjects:
- Triage, -- Canadian Triage Acuity Scale, -- Emergency Medicine, -- Prehospital Medicine, -- Paramedic, -- Emergency Medical Services, -- Triage Nurse, -- Emergency Department Resource Utilization
Emergency Treatment -- Periodicals
Emergency Medicine -- Periodicals
Emergency medical services -- Canada -- Periodicals
Medical emergencies -- Canada -- Periodicals
Emergency medical services
Medical emergencies
Canada
Periodicals
616.02505 - Journal URLs:
- http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=CEM ↗
http://www.caep.ca/004.cjem-jcmu/004-00.cjem/004-01v.archives.htm#main ↗
http://link.springer.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1017/cem.2016.345 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 1481-8035
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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