Crocin bleaching antioxidant assay revisited: Application to microplate to analyse antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities. (15th January 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Prieto, M.A.; Vázquez, J.A.; Murado, M.A.
• Is Part Of: Food chemistry. Volume 167(2015)
• Page Start: 299
• Page End: 310
• Publication Date: 2015-01-15
• Subjects: Antioxidant activity -- Crocin bleaching assay -- Non-linear responses -- Mathematical modeling; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.114
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0308-8146

Abstract

Highlights: The crocin bleaching assay is a common method for evaluating antioxidants. The critical points of the method are revisited. A consistent routine for microplate assay is proposed avoiding over-standardization. A kinetic model for quantifying anti- and pro-oxidant activity is proposed. A comparison of commercial antioxidants and metals produce very consistent results. Abstract: The crocin bleaching assay (CBA) is a common method for evaluating the antioxidant activity of hydrosoluble samples. It is criticised due to its low reproducibility, problematic quantification of results, differences in reagent preparation, doubtful need for a preheating phase and sensitivity to factors such as temperature, pH, solvents and metals. Here, the critical points of the method were extensively revised, and a highly reproducible procedure for microplate readers redeveloped. The problems of using quantification procedures, disregarding kinetic considerations, are discussed in detail and a model is proposed for quantifying simultaneously anti- and pro-oxidant activities as function of concentration and time. Thus, the combined use of a reproducible procedure and robust mathematical modeling produced consistent and meaningful criteria for comparative characterization of any oxidation modifier, taking into account the dose-time-dependent behaviour. The method was verified by characterising several commercial antioxidants and some metal compounds using the parametric values of the proposed models. The activity of the tested antioxidants decreased in the order ETX > TR > PG > AA > TBHQ > BHA. Others, such as the lipophilic antioxidants of BHT and α-Tocopherol did not show any activity. Interference from metals were for Fe 2+, Fe 3+, Cd 2+, Ni 2+, Mg 2+, Zn 2+ and Sr 2+, slightly antioxidant for Cu 1+ and Cu 2+, and strongly antioxidant for Mn 2+ . None of the tested metals showed a pro-oxidant activity.