Plasma cholesterol-raising potency of dietary free cholesterol versus cholesteryl ester and effect of β-sitosterol. (15th February 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Yuwei; Lei, Lin; Wang, Xiaobo; Ma, Ka Ying; Li, Yuk Man; Wang, Lijun; Man, Sun Wa; Huang, Yu; Chen, Zhen-Yu
• Is Part Of: Food chemistry. Volume 169(2015)
• Page Start: 277
• Page End: 282
• Publication Date: 2015-02-15
• Subjects: Cholesterol -- Cholesteryl ester -- Lipoprotein profile -- NPC1L1 -- β-Sitosterol; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.123
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0308-8146

Abstract

Highlights: Free cholesterol (FC) and cholesteryl palmitate (CP) increased blood cholesterol. FC raised blood cholesterol more than CP. CP increased faecal excretion of total sterols more than FC. FC but not CP up-regulated NPC1L1 and ACAT-2. β-Sitosterol similarly decreased blood cholesterol induced by FC and CP. Abstract: The present study (i) compared plasma cholesterol-raising activity of free cholesterol (FC) with that of cholesteryl palmitate (CP) and (ii) examined plasma cholesterol-reducing activity of β-sitosterol in FC-induced and CP-induced hypercholesterolemia. Male hamsters were divided into five groups and fed one of the five diets containing no cholesterol (NC), 2.6 mmol cholesterol (C), 2.6 mmol cholesterol plus 2.6 mmol β-sitosterol (C+S), 2.6 mmol cholesteryl palmitate (CP), and 2.6 mmol CP plus 2.6 mmol β-sitosterol (CP+S), respectively, for 8 weeks. Hamsters fed diet C had plasma TC of 317.5 mg/dl whereas hamsters fed diet CP has plasma TC of 281.3 mg/dl. β-Sitosterol reduced plasma TC by 17.4% and 11.6%, respectively, in FC-induced and CP-induced hypercholesterolemia (not significant). It was concluded that plasma cholesterol-raising activity of dietary cholesterol was a function of its chemical forms in diet, and β-sitosterol could similarly suppress the hypercholesterolemia induced by both dietary FC and CP.