Apolipoprotein E (epsilon) genotype has a greater impact on apoB‐48 than apoB‐100 responses to dietary fat manipulation—insights from the SATgenε study. Issue 4 (9th February 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jackson, Kim G.; Lockyer, Stacey; Carvalho‐Wells, Andrew L.; Williams, Christine M.; Minihane, Anne M.; Lovegrove, Julie A.
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 61:Issue 4(2017)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2017-02-09
• Subjects: APOE genotype -- Dietary fat quantity -- Docosahexaenoic acid -- Saturated fat -- Triacylglycerol; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600688
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : The effects of chronic dietary fat manipulation on postprandial triacylglycerol‐rich lipoprotein metabolism according to apolipoprotein ( APO)E genotype are determined. APOE4 carriers show greater changes in the number (apoB‐48) and particle composition of intestinally derived lipoproteins circulating following diets/meals of varying fat content and composition than the E3/E3 group. The findings suggest a potential role of APOE genotype in chylomicron synthesis. Abstract : Scope: To determine the contribution of intestinally and liver‐derived lipoproteins to the postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) response in APOE3/E3 and E3/E4 individuals following chronic dietary fat manipulation. Methods and results: In sequential order, participants ( n = 12 E3/E3, n = 11 E3/E4 ) followed low fat; high‐fat, high‐saturated fat (HSF); and HSF with 3.45 g/day docosahexaenoic acid (HSF‐DHA) diets, each for 8 weeks. After each dietary period, an acute test meal with a macronutrient profile representative of the dietary intervention was consumed. Apolipoprotein (apo)B isoforms were determined in isolated TAG‐rich lipoprotein fractions (Svedberg flotation rate ( S f ) > 400, S f 60–400, and S f 20–60) by specific ELISA. A genotype × meal/diet interaction for the S f > 400 fraction apoB‐48 response ( p < 0.05) was observed, with higher concentrations reached after the low fat than HSF‐DHA meal in E4 carriers. This finding was associated with a lower TAG content of the S f > 400 particles. Fasting S f 60–400 and 20–60 apoB‐48 concentrations were also significantly higher in E4 carriers. No impact of genotype on the apoB‐100 responses was evident. Conclusion: Our study revealed marked effects of dietary fat composition on the S f > 400 apoB‐48 response and particle TAG content in E4 carriers relative to the "wild‐type" E3/E3 genotype, which suggest APOE genotype is a potential modulator of chylomicron particle synthesis.