Obese ZDF rats fermented resistant starch with effects on gut microbiota but no reduction in abdominal fat. Issue 1 (11th August 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Goldsmith, Felicia; Guice, Justin; Page, Ryan; Welsh, David A.; Taylor, Christopher M.; Blanchard, Eugene E.; Luo, Meng; Raggio, Anne M.; Stout, Rhett W.; Carvajal‐Aldaz, Diana; Gaither, Amanda; Pelkman, Christine; Ye, Jianping; Martin, Roy J.; Geaghan, James; Durham, Holiday A.; Coulon, Diana; Keenan, Michael J.
• Other Names: Espin Juan Carlos guestEditor.
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 61:Issue 1(2017)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2016-08-11
• Subjects: Fermentation -- Leptin signaling -- Microbiota -- Obese ZDF rats -- Resistant starch -- Whole‐grain; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201501025
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : In previous studies, dietary resistant starch (RS) has been used as a prebiotic (a carbohydrate that is not digested and is a fermentable fiber) that feeds the bacteria in the large intestine. The corn starch product that is high in RS that has been used in many of these studies is from a natural variety of corn that is much higher in amylose and much lower in amylopectin. Results from predominantly rodent studies and some studies in other species and human studies have demonstrated improved health effects associated with consumption of diets with RS compared to diets with highly digestible starch. Abstract : Scope: To determine if whole‐grain (WG) flour with resistant starch (RS) will produce greater fermentation than isolated RS in obese Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats, and whether greater fermentation results in different microbiota, reduced abdominal fat, and increased insulin sensitivity. Methods and results: This study utilized four groups fed diets made with either isolated digestible control starch, WG control flour (6.9% RS), isolated RS‐rich corn starch (25% RS), or WG corn flour (25% RS). ZDF rats fermented RS and RS‐rich WG flour to greatest extent among groups. High‐RS groups had increased serum glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) active. Feeding isolated RS showed greater Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes phyla among groups, and rats consuming low RS diets possessed more bacteria in Lactobacillus genus. However, no differences in abdominal fat were observed, but rats with isolated RS had greatest insulin sensitivity among groups. Conclusions: Data demonstrated ZDF rats (i) possess a microbiota that fermented RS, and (ii) WG high‐RS fermented better than purified RS. However, fermentation and microbiota changes did not translate into reduced abdominal fat. The defective leptin receptor may limit ZDF rats from responding to increased GLP‐1 and different microbiota for reducing abdominal fat, but did not prevent improved insulin sensitivity.