A response surface analysis of the aqueous leaching of amylose from maize starch. (February 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Doblado-Maldonado, Andrés F.; Janssen, Frederik; Gomand, Sara V.; De Ketelaere, Bart; Goderis, Bart; Delcour, Jan A.
• Is Part Of: Food hydrocolloids. Volume 63(2017)
• Page Start: 265
• Page End: 272
• Publication Date: 2017-02
• Subjects: Amylose leaching -- Response surface -- Leaching temperature -- Starch concentration; Amylose (PubChem CID: 53477771) -- Amylopectin (PubChem CID: 439207) -- Maize starch (PubChem CID: 24836924) -- Water (PubChem CID: 962); Hydrocolloids -- Periodicals; Food additives -- Periodicals; Colloïdes -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Additifs -- Périodiques; Colloids; Food additives; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.06
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.09.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0268-005X

Abstract

Abstract: A response surface analysis with a face centered central composite design was implemented to study the effect of maize( Zea mays L.) starch concentration (3.0–7.0% w/v) and leaching temperature (LT, 70–90 °C) on aqueous leaching of amylose (AM) as a way to optimize the conditions for obtaining the highest yield of long chain AM [number average degree of polymerization (DPn ) ranging between 860 and 930] and highest purity. Second order empirical models were fitted via the least squares approach. Negligible terms were removed using backwards model reduction. Negligible lack of fit terms were obtained for the responses total leached carbohydrate and DPn . The optimization was complemented with a desirability test using the purity of the extracts. As targets for the optimization, maximum leachate yields, DPn ≈ 900, and purity >95% were set. The reported contour plots and prediction profilers can be used for tailor made production of leachates. Temperature had the most significant main effect as yields and DPn increased with temperature at the expense of purity. Purity was highly compromised when treatments were above 85 °C. This was reflected in the high DPn values (>1500) which suggested the presence of amylopectin material. When using 3.0% (w/v) maize starch suspension at an LT of 81 °C, the largest yield (15.0% of starch) of high DPn AM chains (DPn ∼ 900) and less than 3.3% of non-AM material were obtained. Graphical abstract: Highlights: Response surface analysis was used for optimizing amylose (AM) aqueous leaching. Starch concentration (SC) and leaching temperature (LT) influence AM leaching. SC has a significant effect which depends on LT. Leaching of long AM chains increases with LT but at the expense of AM purity. High yield and purity of long AM chains are obtained at 81 °C (LT) and 3.3% (SC).