Occurrence of beauvericin and enniatins in wheat flour and corn grits on the Japanese market, and their co-contamination with type B trichothecene mycotoxins. Issue 10 (2nd October 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yoshinari, Tomoya; Suzuki, Yuiko; Sugita-Konishi, Yoshiko; Ohnishi, Takahiro; Terajima, Jun
• Is Part Of: Food additives & contaminants. Volume 33:Issue 10(2016)
• Page Start: 1620
• Page End: 1626
• Publication Date: 2016-10-02
• Subjects: Beauvericin -- enniatin -- deoxynivalenol -- wheat -- corn; Food additives -- Periodicals; Food contamination -- Periodicals; 664.06
• DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1228126
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1944-0049

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The contamination levels of beauvericin and four enniatins, A, A1, B and B1, in 207 samples of wheat flour and corn grits on the Japanese market were determined by an analytical method based on LC-MS/MS. The toxins were extracted from samples with acetonitrile–water (85:15, v/v) and then purified with C18 cartridges. The method was validated in a single laboratory using spiked samples at two levels; the recovery of the five toxins ranged from 91.1% to 113.8%. Enniatin B was frequently detected in imported wheat flour (81.8%) and domestic wheat flour (85.6%), and the highest concentration of enniatin B was present in a domestic wheat sample (633 μg kg −1 ). In corn grits, beauvericin was found in 34% of the samples, but enniatins were not detected at all. The maximum concentration of beauvericin in corn grits was 26.1 μg kg −1 . Deoxynivalenol and nivalenol in the same samples were determined by a method using an immunoaffinity column. Co-contamination of deoxynivalenol and enniatins was observed in 61% of the imported wheat samples and in 58% of the domestic wheat samples. These results suggest the need for a risk assessment for cyclic depsipeptide mycotoxins in Japan and a study on the synergistic effect of deoxynivalenol and enniatins.