Additional benefit in CVD risk indices derived from the consumption of fortified milk when combined with a lifestyle intervention. Issue 2 (18th December 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Petrogianni, Maria; Grammatikaki, Evangelia; Kalogeropoulos, Nikolaos; Peristeraki, Anna; Moschonis, George; Pitsavos, Christos; Antonopoulou, Smaragdi; Manios, Yannis
• Is Part Of: Public health nutrition. Volume 17:Issue 2(2014)
• Page Start: 440
• Page End: 449
• Publication Date: 2012-12-18
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutrition policy -- Periodicals; Public health -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1017/S1368980012005265
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1368-9800

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="normal"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="abs1" sec-type="general"> <title>Objective</title> <p>The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of fortified milk combined with a lifestyle and counselling programme on several CVD risk factors after a 3-month dietary intervention.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs2" sec-type="general"> <title>Design</title> <p>Hypercholesterolaemic adults were randomized to a group supplemented with low-fat milk that was enriched with phytosterols, α-linolenic and linoleic fatty acids, vitamins and antioxidants (enriched milk group, EMG: <italic>n</italic> 40), a placebo milk group (PMG: <italic>n</italic> 36) or a control group (CG: <italic>n</italic> 25). The EMG and PMG consumed respectively 500 ml of enriched milk or placebo milk daily and attended biweekly counselling sessions over a 3-month period.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs3" sec-type="general"> <title>Setting</title> <p>Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs4" sec-type="subjects"> <title>Subjects</title> <p>A sample of 101 hypercholesterolemic adults aged 40–60 years.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs5" sec-type="results"> <title>Results</title> <p>Regarding lifestyle changes, total and saturated fat intakes decreased significantly in both intervention groups compared with the CG (<italic>P</italic> < 0·005). Furthermore, total steps were increased (<italic>P</italic> = 0·029) and BMI was decreased (<italic>P</italic> = 0·017) significantly in both intervention groups compared with the CG. Regarding biochemical indices, EPA content in erythrocyte membranes increased (<italic>P</italic> < 0·001) while serum C-reactive protein decreased (<italic>P</italic> = 0·003) significantly in both intervention groups compared with the CG. Finally, significant increases in plasma folic acid and vitamin B<sub>12</sub> levels and a significant decrease in homocysteine levels were observed in the EMG compared with the PMG and CG (all <italic>P</italic> < 0·001). A favourable change in LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol was also observed in the EMG and tended to be significant compared with the PMG and CG (<italic>P</italic> = 0·066).</p> </sec> <sec id="abs6" sec-type="conclusion"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>The present study showed that consumption of fortified milk accompanied with lifestyle counselling induces extra benefits in terms of LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol and serum homocysteine levels.</p> </sec> </abstract>