Correct response negativity may reflect subjective value of reaction time under regulatory fit in a speed‐rewarded task. (6th June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Files, Benjamin T.; Pollard, Kimberly A.; Oiknine, Ashley H.; Khooshabeh, Peter; Passaro, Antony D.
• Is Part Of: Psychophysiology. Volume 58:Number 9(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-06-06
• Subjects: EEG -- ERPs -- Error Processing -- Individual Differences -- Motivation; Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13856
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0048-5772

Abstract

Abstract: Error‐related negativity (ERN), an electroencephalogram (EEG) component following an erroneous response, has been associated with the subjective motivational relevance of error commission. A smaller EEG event, the correct response negativity (CRN), occurs after a correct response. It is unclear why correct behavior evokes a neural response similar to error commission. CRN might reflect suboptimal performance: in tasks where speed is motivationally relevant (i.e., incentivized), a correct but slow response may be experienced as a minor error. The literature is mixed on the relationship between CRN and response time (RT), possibly due to different motivational structures, tasks, or individual traits. We examined ERN and CRN in a go/no‐go task where correctness and speed were encouraged using a points‐based feedback system. A key individual trait, regulatory focus, describes a person's tendency to seek gains (promotion focus) and avoid losses (prevention focus). Trait regulatory focus was measured, and participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: points gain, points loss, and informative‐only feedback. Participants committed too few errors to reliably model ERN effects. CRN amplitude related to RT in all feedback conditions, with slower responses having larger CRN. Participants with stronger promotion focus had a more exaggerated RT/CRN relationship in the point gain condition, suggesting that regulatory fit influences the motivational relevance of speed and thus the negative subjective experience and CRN for slower responses. These findings are consistent with the claim that CRN reflects RT when RT is motivationally relevant and that the CRN/RT relationship reflects the degree of subjective motivational relevance. Abstract : Our findings show that larger correct response negativities are associated with slower responses in a task with explicit response time feedback. Using regulatory fit theory, we further show that the correct response negativity reflects subjective motivational value from regulatory fit between promotion orientation strength and feedback framed as point gains. These findings suggest that correct response negativity reflects response time when response time is motivationally relevant.