Battery thermal runaway propagation time delay strategy using phase change material integrated with pyro block lining: Dual functionality battery thermal design. (15th August 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Talele, Virendra; Patil, Mahesh Suresh; Panchal, Satyam; Fraser, Roydon; Fowler, Michael
• Is Part Of: Journal of energy storage. Volume 65(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-08-15
• Subjects: ARC accelerating rate calorimeter -- BC boundary condition -- BTMS battery thermal management systems -- C-rate charge/discharge rate -- DSC differential scanning calorimetry -- EV electric vehicle -- FVM finite volume method -- LIB lithium-ion battery -- LFP lithium iron phosphate -- PCM phase change material -- SOC state of charge -- TR thermal runaway -- TMS thermal management system -- ISC internal short circuit -- A_Sei anode solid electrolyte decomposition reaction -- E_Sei electrode solid electrolyte decomposition reaction -- C_Sei cathode solid electrolyte decomposition reaction -- H_Sei heat release solid electrolyte decomposition reaction -- M_Sei molar mass solid electrolyte decomposition reaction -- A_ne anode negative electrode-electrolyte solvent reaction -- E_ne electrode negative solvent reaction -- M_ne molar mass negative solvent reaction -- H_ne heat release negative solvent reaction -- C_neg0 cathode negative solvent reaction -- A_pe anode positive solvent reaction -- E_pe electrode positive solvent reaction -- W_Sei specific density solid electrolyte decomposition reaction -- W_ne specific density negative solvent reaction -- W_pe specific density positive solvent reaction -- W_e specific density electrolyte decomposition reaction -- M_pe molar mass positive solvent reaction -- H_pe heat release positive solvent reaction -- A_e anode electrolyte decomposition reaction -- E_e electrode electrolyte decomposition reaction -- M_e molar mass electrolyte decomposition reaction -- H_e heat release electrolyte decomposition reaction -- C_e cathode electrolyte decomposition reaction -- A_ec anode internal short heat reaction trigger condition -- E_ec electrode internal short heat reaction trigger condition -- LFP LiFePO4 (lithium phosphate); Lithium-ion battery -- Thermal runaway -- Phase change material -- Pyro lining -- Thermal management; Energy storage -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Research -- Periodicals; 621.3126
• DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2023.107253
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-152X

Abstract

Abstract: In the view of the thermal runaway scenario phase change material are not capable to withstand thermal propagation phenomenon, hence it is important to provide a novel structure which can delay thermal runaway trigger point and not allows generated heat to propagate at faster rate from one cell to another. In this work, a series of numerical investigations are performed from cell to pack level configuration under heater assisted triggering method by providing a constant heat supply of 500 W until electrochemical kinetics of cell gets trigger. This setup is used to investigate, time delay and thermal propagation phenomenon by integrating submerged layer of phase change material. Conclusive evidence from investigation suggests that by integrating a submerged layer of phase change material, the thermal runaway trigger point can be effectively delayed. However, because phase change material is highly flammable in nature, heat propagates from one cell to another in a very short period, causing the entire pack to go into catastrophic thermal failure within short span of 10s. To delay this thermal propagation phenomenon and compliance GB 38031 and GB 38032 "national safety regulation of battery pack for Electric Bus and Electric Vehicle" that suggest once cell is trigger, neighbouring cell should not run in thermal runaway for at least 300s, we have optimized battery pack structural design by introducing low thermal conductive pyro liner at the wall of PCM. Results showed, this optimize design represents dual functionality of delaying thermal runaway trigger point of cell along with slowing down thermal propagation for at least 800s. Highlights: Thermal runaway propagation phenomenon is investigated for 75 Ah prismatic cell. Cell to Pack level thermal abuse modeling is simulated with heater-based cell triggering method. The catastrophic failure inside battery pack is monitored due to exothermic reactions by PCM. Dual functionality thermal design is proposed: Delaying thermal propagation as well as thermal runaway trigger point.