Co-liquefaction of livestock manure and food waste: Synergistic effects and product combustion performance. (1st July 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hu, Ying; Hu, Mei; Jiang, Haiwei; Yu, Pengxin; Yang, Weiran
• Is Part Of: Applied energy. Volume 341(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-07-01
• Subjects: Waste biomass -- Co-liquefaction -- Nitrogen -- Energy recovery -- Bio-oil; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy conservation -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121073
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-2619

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: The synergistic effect occurred in co-liquefaction to produce lower N bio-oil. Mannich and Maillard reactions occurred during the co-liquefaction process. Nitrogen in the bio-oil and the aqueous phase was transferred to bio-char. Co-liquefaction is beneficial to increase carbon, nitrogen and energy recovery rates. Abstract: With the depletion of fossil energy, alternative biomass energy has been studied as a potential candidate. Our study focused on the co-liquefaction of livestock manure (cattle manure) and food waste (peanut residue), aiming to obtain high-quality bio-oil and bio-char to maximize resource utilization. By adjusting the ratios of the two types of biomass in a closed system, products distribution in the reaction were controlled to obtain biofuel with high carbon and hydrogen, low oxygen and nitrogen content. Under the optimal reaction conditions (270 °C, 30 min, peanut residue/cattle manure = 3/1), the overall yields of bio-oil (a mass fraction of 23.5%) and bio-char (a mass fraction of 18.5%) were obtained, and the higher heating value of the bio-oil reached the highest of 31.74 MJ/kg. It was found that Maillard and Mannich reactions occurred during the co-liquefaction process, and the experimental values of bio-char yield was higher than the calculated values with higher carbon and nitrogen content, indicating the synergistic effect during the formation of the bio-char. The migration and transformation of carbon and nitrogen were explored, and it was found that nitrogen in bio-oil and aqueous phase was transferred to bio-char. All experimental energy recoveries (bio-oils and bio-chars) of co-liquefaction were higher than the calculated ones, indicating that the synergistic effect between peanut residue and cattle manure promoted the energy recovery of the co-liquefaction products.