Regeneration of dentin-pulp complex: Effect of calcium-based materials on hDPSCs differentiation and gene expression. Issue 5 (May 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Spagnuolo, Gianrico; De Luca, Ilenia; Iaculli, Flavia; Barbato, Eleonora; Valletta, Alessandra; Calarco, Anna; Valentino, Anna; Riccitiello, Francesco
• Is Part Of: Dental materials. Volume 39:Issue 5(2023)
• Page Start: 485
• Page End: 491
• Publication Date: 2023-05
• Subjects: Dental pulp stem cells -- Calcium-based materials -- Odontoblasts -- Reparative medicine -- Regenerative endodontics; Dentistry -- Periodicals; Dental materials -- Periodicals; 617.695
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.03.017
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0109-5641

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: Dentin-pulp complex is object of interest in the regenerative endodontic field as well as the natural function of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) that may differentiate into specific cells able to repair and/or regenerate both hard and soft dental structures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of hDPSCs to differentiate in odontoblastic-like cells by evaluating the expression of specific odontogenic-related genes and to prove the ability of treatment with calcium-based materials such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Methods: hDPSCs were obtained and isolated from a third molar of a young patient. Odontogenic-related gene expression was assessed unti1 28 days of culture as well as alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP). hDPSCs were cultured in odontoblastic-induction medium used as control, and in presence of different concentrations of CaCO3, Ca(OH)₂, and MTA. Results: The results demonstrated an upregulation in odontoblastic cell-related genes, in particular of the early differentiation marker known as matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE), as well as increased ALP activity and the presence of calcium deposits, mainly by stimulation with calcium derivatives. In this regard, treatment of pulp tissue with CaCO3, Ca(OH)2 and even better with MTA seemed to be effective for dentinogenesis. Significance: The ease of isolation of hDPSCs from discarded or extracted teeth offers a promising source of autologous cells that may be applied for regenerative purpose in combination with selected bioactive materials. However, further investigations should be conducted to confirm the obtained results. Highlights: CaCO3, Ca(OH)2 and especially MTA seemed to be effective to promote dentinogenesis. calcium-based materials induced differentiation of DPSC in odontoblastic-like cells. During differentiation DPSC expressed specific odontogenic-related genes. DPSC are promising for various regenerative medical applications. Ca 2+ had a significant impact on cellular stimulation in an odontogenic pattern.