IDO/Kynurenine; novel insight for treatment of inflammatory diseases. (June 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lashgari, Naser-Aldin; Roudsari, Nazanin Momeni; Shayan, Maryam; Niazi Shahraki, Faezeh; hosseini, Yasamin; Momtaz, Saeideh; Abdolghaffari, Amir Hossein
• Is Part Of: Cytokine. Volume 166(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-06
• Subjects: Indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase (IDO) -- Kynurenine (KYN) -- IDO/KYN pathway -- Inflammatory diseases -- Inflammation, Cytokines; IFN-γ interferon-gamma -- IDO indoleamine 2, 3- dioxygenase -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha -- IL interleukin -- PGE2 prostaglandin E2 -- BH2 7, 8-dihydroneopterin -- NOS nitric oxide synthases -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- COX/5-LOX cyclooxygenase/5-lipoxygenase -- CNS central nervous system -- NMDA N-Methyl-d-aspartate -- HLA-G human leucocyte Antigen-G -- DCs dendritic cells -- CCL5 chemokine ligand-5 -- MIP-1 macrophage inflammatory protein-1 -- MS multiple sclerosis -- α7nACh α7 nicotinic acetylcholine -- iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthases -- CGRP calcitonin gene-related peptide -- PACAP pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide -- mGlu2 metabotropic glutamate receptor-2 -- nNOS neuronal nitric oxide synthases -- ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis -- CSF cerebrospinal fluid -- Th T helper -- ApoE apoenzyme-E -- cGMP cyclic guanosine monophosphate -- LDL low density lipoproteins -- DM diabetes mellitus -- RA rheumatoid arthritis -- CTLA-4 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 -- TGF-β transforming growth factor beta -- NF-κB nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells -- AHR aryl hydrocarbon receptor -- FoxP3 forkhead boxP3 -- RORγt retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-γt -- Wnt-10b Wnt Family Member 10B -- 3HAA 3-hydroxy-anthranilic acid -- AA anthranilic acid -- IBD inflammatory bowel disease -- CD Crohn's disease -- TNBS 2, 4, 6-Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid -- CKD chronic kidney disease -- hsCRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein -- sTNFR-I soluble TNF receptor-1 -- IPS idiopathic pneumonia syndrome -- TLRs toll-like receptors -- HIV human immunodeficiency virus -- AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome -- CGD chronic granulomatous disease -- JAK/STAT janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription; Cytokines -- Periodicals; 571.844
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156206
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-4666

Abstract

Highlights: The IDO/kynurenine pathway is now established as a major regulator of the immune system function. The IDO/kynurenine pathway is positioned to mediate the effects of systemic inflammation. In inflammatory diseases, IDO/KYN could be linked with other inflammatory pathway. Modulation of the IDO/KYN pathway could be a novel option for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Abstract: Inflammation and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, neurological diseases, and inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Inflammatory mediators such as interleukins (ILs), interferons (INF-s), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are related to an extended chance of inflammatory diseases initiation or progression due to the over expression of the nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer of activators of transcription (STAT), nod‐like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP), toll-like receptors (TLR), mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. These pathways are completely interconnected. The indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase (IDO) subset of the kynurenine (KYN) (IDO/KYN), is a metabolic inflammatory pathway involved in production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ). It has been shown that IDO/KYN actively participates in inflammatory processes and can increase the secretion of cytokines that provoke inflammatory diseases. Data were extracted from clinical and animal studies published in English between 1990-April 2022, which were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane library. IDO/KYN is completely associated with inflammatory-related pathways, thus leading to the production of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and ultimately development and progression of various inflammatory disorders. Inhibition of the IDO/KYN pathway might be a novel therapeutic option for inflammatory diseases. Herein, we gathered data on probable interactions of the IDO/KYN pathway with induction of some inflammatory diseases.