Value-added application of cattle manure bottom ash for phosphorus recovery from water and replenishment in soil. (1st August 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lee, Jae-In; Jadamba, Chuluuntsetseg; Yoo, Soo-Cheul; Lee, Chang-Gu; Park, Seong-Jik
• Is Part Of: Journal of environmental management. Volume 339(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-08-01
• Subjects: Adsorption mechanism -- Fertilizer -- Phosphorus -- Rice growth -- Toxicity -- Wastewater; Environmental policy -- Periodicals; Environmental management -- Periodicals; Environment -- Periodicals; Ecology -- Periodicals; 363.705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117891
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0301-4797

Abstract

Abstract: This study addresses ways to circulate the flow of phosphorus (P) from water to soil to improve water quality and provide a sustainable supply of P into soil. Here, bottom ash (BA_CCM), the byproduct of the combustion of cattle manure, which is performed for obtaining energy, was used to remove P in wastewater. Next, the P-captured BA_CCM was used as P fertilizer for rice growth. BA_CCM was primarily composed of Ca (49.4%), C (24.0%), and P (9.9%), and the crystalline phases of Ca were calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) and hydroxyapatite (Ca5 (PO4 )3 OH). The mechanism of P removal by BA_CCM involves the formation of hydroxyapatite by reacting Ca 2+ with PO4 3− . A reaction time of 3 h was required to achieve P adsorption to BA_CCM, and the maximum P adsorption capacity of BA_CCM was 45.46 mg/g. The increase in solution pH reduced P adsorption. However, at pH > 5, the P adsorption amount was maintained regardless of the pH increase. The presence of 10 mM SO4 2− and CO3 2− reduced P adsorption by 28.4% and 21.5%, respectively, and the impact of the presence of Cl − and NO3 − was less than 10%. The feasibility of BA_CCM was tested using real wastewater, and 3.33 g/L of BA_CCM dose achieved a P removal ratio of 99.8% and a residual concentration of <0.02 mg/L. The toxicity unit of BA_CCM determined for Daphnia magna ( D. magna ) was 5.1; however, the BA_CCM after P adsorption (P-BA_CCM) did not show any toxicity to D. magna . BA_CCM after P adsorption was used as an alternative to commercial P fertilizer. Rice fertilized with a medium level of P-BA_CCM showed better agronomic values for most agronomic traits, except root length, than that seen with the commercial P fertilizer. This study suggests that BA_CCM can be used as a value-added product to address environmental issues. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: P was adsorbed on BA_CCM via the formation of hydroxyapatite. In total, 16.67 g/L of BA_CCM removed more than 99% of P. P adsorbed on BA_CCM did not show the toxicity on D. magna . P-BA_CCM showed higher agronomical values than commercial P fertilizer.