Hexaindium Heptasulfide/Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐Doped Carbon Hollow Microspindles with Ultrahigh‐Rate Sodium Storage through Stable Conversion and Alloying Reactions. Issue 16 (9th March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhu, Chunyan; Yu, Weiqing; Zhang, Shuxian; Chen, Jianchao; Liu, Qingyuan; Li, Qingyu; Wang, Shijie; Hua, Minghao; Lin, Xiaohang; Yin, Longwei; Wang, Rutao
• Is Part Of: Advanced materials. Volume 35:Issue 16(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2023-03-09
• Subjects: anode materials -- In 6S 7/NSC hollow microspindles -- metal–organic frameworks -- sodium‐ion charge storage -- sodium‐ion capacitors; Materials -- Periodicals; Chemical vapor deposition -- Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211611
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0935-9648

Abstract

Abstract: Group IIIA–VA metal sulfides (GMSs) have attracted increasing attention because of their unique Na‐storage mechanisms through combined conversion and alloying reactions, thus delivering large theoretical capacities and low working potentials. However, Na + diffusion within GMSs anodes leads to severe volume change, generally representing a fundamental limitation to rate capability and cycling stability. Here, monodispersed In6 S7 /nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped carbon hollow microspindles (In6 S7 /NSC HMS) are produced by morphology‐preserved thermal sulfurization of spindle‐like and porous indium‐based metal organic frameworks. The resulting In6 S7 /NSC HMS anode exhibits theoretical‐value‐close specific capacity (546.2 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 ), ultrahigh rate capability (267.5 mAh g −1 at 30.0 A g −1 ), high initial coulombic efficiency (≈93.5%), and ≈92.6% capacity retention after 4000 cycles. This kinetically favored In6 S7 /NSC HMS anode fills up the kinetics gap with a capacitive porous carbon cathode, enabling a sodium‐ion capacitor to deliver an ultrahigh energy density of 136.3 Wh kg −1 and a maximum power density of 47.5 kW kg −1 . The in situ/ex situ analytical techniques and theoretical calculation both show that the robust and fast Na + charge storage of In6 S7 /NSC HMS arises from the multi‐electron redox mechanism, buffered volume expansion, negligible morphological change, and surface‐controlled solid‐state Na + transport. Abstract : Porous and hollow In6 S7 /nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped carbon microspindles with fast, reversible, and durable Na + ‐storage properties can bridge the kinetics gap with capacitive porous carbon, enabling a sodium‐ion capacitor with an energy density up to 136.3 Wh kg −1 and a power density up to 47.5 kW kg −1 as well as a long‐term cycling stability.