Dynamic risk for first onset of depressive disorders in adolescence: does change matter?. Issue 6 (22nd April 2023)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Dynamic risk for first onset of depressive disorders in adolescence: does change matter?. Issue 6 (22nd April 2023)
- Main Title:
- Dynamic risk for first onset of depressive disorders in adolescence: does change matter?
- Authors:
- Mu, Wenting
Li, Kaiqiao
Tian, Yuan
Perlman, Greg
Michelini, Giorgia
Watson, David
Ormel, Hans
Klein, Daniel N.
Kotov, Roman - Abstract:
- Abstract: Background: Risk factors for depressive disorders (DD) change substantially over time, but the prognostic value of these changes remains unclear. Two basic types of dynamic effects are possible. The 'Risk Escalation hypothesis' posits that worsening of risk levels predicts DD onset above average level of risk factors. Alternatively, the 'Chronic Risk hypothesis' posits that the average level rather than change predicts first-onset DD. Methods: We utilized data from the ADEPT project, a cohort of 496 girls (baseline age 13.5–15.5 years) from the community followed for 3 years. Participants underwent five waves of assessments for risk factors and diagnostic interviews for DD. For illustration purposes, we selected 16 well-established dynamic risk factors for adolescent depression, such as depressive and anxiety symptoms, personality traits, clinical traits, and social risk factors. We conducted Cox regression analyses with time-varying covariates to predict first DD onset. Results: Consistently elevated risk factors (i.e. the mean of multiple waves), but not recent escalation, predicted first-onset DD, consistent with the Chronic Risk hypothesis. This hypothesis was supported across all 16 risk factors. Conclusions: Across a range of risk factors, girls who had first-onset DD generally did not experience a sharp increase in risk level shortly before the onset of disorder; rather, for years before onset, they exhibited elevated levels of risk. Our findings suggestAbstract: Background: Risk factors for depressive disorders (DD) change substantially over time, but the prognostic value of these changes remains unclear. Two basic types of dynamic effects are possible. The 'Risk Escalation hypothesis' posits that worsening of risk levels predicts DD onset above average level of risk factors. Alternatively, the 'Chronic Risk hypothesis' posits that the average level rather than change predicts first-onset DD. Methods: We utilized data from the ADEPT project, a cohort of 496 girls (baseline age 13.5–15.5 years) from the community followed for 3 years. Participants underwent five waves of assessments for risk factors and diagnostic interviews for DD. For illustration purposes, we selected 16 well-established dynamic risk factors for adolescent depression, such as depressive and anxiety symptoms, personality traits, clinical traits, and social risk factors. We conducted Cox regression analyses with time-varying covariates to predict first DD onset. Results: Consistently elevated risk factors (i.e. the mean of multiple waves), but not recent escalation, predicted first-onset DD, consistent with the Chronic Risk hypothesis. This hypothesis was supported across all 16 risk factors. Conclusions: Across a range of risk factors, girls who had first-onset DD generally did not experience a sharp increase in risk level shortly before the onset of disorder; rather, for years before onset, they exhibited elevated levels of risk. Our findings suggest that chronicity of risk should be a particular focus in screening high-risk populations to prevent the onset of DDs. In particular, regular monitoring of risk factors in school settings is highly informative. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Psychological medicine. Volume 53:Issue 6(2023)
- Journal:
- Psychological medicine
- Issue:
- Volume 53:Issue 6(2023)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 53, Issue 6 (2023)
- Year:
- 2023
- Volume:
- 53
- Issue:
- 6
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2023-0053-0006-0000
- Page Start:
- 2352
- Page End:
- 2360
- Publication Date:
- 2023-04-22
- Subjects:
- Chronicity -- dynamic risk -- escalation -- first-onset depression -- prediction
Psychiatry -- Periodicals
Medicine and psychology -- Periodicals
Clinical psychology -- Periodicals
616.89 - Journal URLs:
- http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=PSM ↗
- DOI:
- 10.1017/S0033291721004190 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0033-2917
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store
- Ingest File:
- 26981.xml