Examining the association between exposome score for schizophrenia and cognition in schizophrenia, siblings, and healthy controls: Results from the EUGEI study. (May 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fusar-Poli, Laura; Prachason, Thanavadee; Erzin, Gamze; Pries, Lotta-Katrin; Brondino, Natascia; Politi, Pierluigi; Delespaul, Philippe; Kenis, Gunter; Luykx, Jurjen J; Lin, Bochao D; Richards, Alexander L; Akdede, Berna; Binbay, Tolga; Altınyazar, Vesile; Yalınçetin, Berna; Gümüş-Akay, Güvem; Cihan, Burçin; Soygür, Haldun; Ulaş, Halis; Cankurtaran, Eylem Şahin; Kaymak, Semra Ulusoy; Mihaljevic, Marina M; Andric-Petrovic, Sanja; Mirjanic, Tijana; Bernardo, Miguel; Mezquida, Gisela; Amoretti, Silvia; Bobes, Julio; Saiz, Pilar A; García-Portilla, Maria Paz; Sanjuan, Julio; Escarti, Maria Jose; Santos, José Luis; Jiménez-López, Estela; Arrojo, Manuel; Carracedo, Angel; López, Gonzalo; González-Peñas, Javier; Parellada, Mara; Maric, Nadja P; Atbaşoğlu, Cem; Üçok, Alp; Alptekin, Köksal; Saka, Meram Can; Arango, Celso; O'Donovan, Michael; van Os, Jim; Rutten, Bart PF; Guloksuz, Sinan;
• Is Part Of: Psychiatry research. Volume 323(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-05
• Subjects: Psychosis -- Cannabis use -- Childhood trauma -- Environment -- Emotion recognition; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Psychiatry -- periodicals; Psychiatrie -- Périodiques; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115184
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0165-1781

Abstract

Highlights: Exposome score for Schizophrenia (ES-SCZ) is a weighted sum score of environmental factors associated with schizophrenia. ES-SCZ was not associated with neurocognition, social cognition, or perception in people with SSD. ES-SCZ was negatively associated with neurocognition but positively with social cognition in non-psychotic participants. Longitudinal studies may clarify the effect of environment on cognitive functioning in SSD. Abstract: Background: People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) frequently present cognitive impairments. Here, we investigated whether the exposome score for schizophrenia (ES-SCZ) - a cumulative environmental exposure score - was associated with impairments of neurocognition, social cognition, and perception in patients with SSD, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls. Methods: This cross-sectional sample consisted of 1200 patients, 1371 siblings, and 1564 healthy controls. Neurocognition, social cognition, and perception were assesed using a short version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Third Edition (WAIS-III), the Degraded Facial Affect Recognition Task (DFAR), and the Benton Facial Recognition Test (BFR), respectively. Regression models were used to analyze the association between ES-SCZ and cognitive domains in each group. Results: There were no statistically significant associations between ES-SCZ and cognitive domains in SSD. ES-SCZ was negatively associated with T-score of cognition in siblings (B=-0.40, 95% CI -0.76 to -0.03) and healthy controls (B=-0.63, 95% CI -1.06 to -0.21). Additionally, ES-SCZ was positively associated with DFAR-total in siblings (B=0.83, 95% CI 0.26 to 1.40). Sensitivity analyses excluding cannabis use history from ES-SCZ largely confirmed the main findings. Conclusions: Longitudinal cohorts may elucidate how environmental exposures influence the onset and course of cognitive impairments in trans-syndromic psychosis spectrum.