XLi2MnO3·(1-x)LiMeO2 and Li4Ti5O12 cell chemistry for Behind-the-Meter Storage applications. (1st August 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Yicheng; Teeter, Glenn; Kim, Young Jin; Burrell, Anthony; Park, Kyusung
• Is Part Of: Journal of energy storage. Volume 64(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-08-01
• Subjects: Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides -- lithium-ion batteries -- Behind-the-Meter Storage -- Long-term cycle life -- Transition metal dissolution -- Electrode-electrolyte interphases; Energy storage -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Research -- Periodicals; 621.3126
• DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2023.107226
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-152X

Abstract

Abstract: Li- and Mn-rich layered oxide material (xLi2 MnO3 ·(1-x)LiMeO2, Me = Ni, Mn, and etc., LMR-NM) is paired with Li4 Ti5 O12 (LTO) in a full cell and evaluated for the Behind-the-Meter Storage (BTMS) applications. The LMR-NM/LTO full cell shows very high capacities and excellent long-term cycle life. It delivers 192 mAh g −1 after 500 cycles at C/2 and 45 °C with a capacity retention of 75 % and coulombic efficiency higher than 99.95 %. It also has impressive rate capabilities. A capacity of 220 mAh g −1 is achieved at 2C which is 88 % of the initial capacity at C/10. The high cycling temperature clearly enhances electrochemical kinetics and activates more Li2 MnO3 component, which gives high capacities, low cell impedance, and better rate capabilities. Moreover, it helps to form a relatively thick cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) film to suppress transition metal dissolution from the cathode surface. The upper cut-off voltage (UCV) of 3.0 V keeps the structural integrity of the cathode during cycling. A higher UCV of 3.2 V accelerates structural instabilities of the cathode as well as growth of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) via transition metal dissolution and deposition on the anode surface. It results in higher cell impedance, worse capacity retention and faster capacity fade. Graphical abstract: Schematics of the influence from temperature and UCV of the LMR-NM/LTO cell on its CEI/SEI formation, transition metal dissolution, and capacity retention. Unlabelled Image