Lupus nephropathy and vasculitis. (April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: McGovern, Dominic; Willcocks, Lisa; Jones, Rachel
• Is Part Of: Medicine. Volume 51:Number 4(2023)
• Page Start: 280
• Page End: 287
• Publication Date: 2023-04
• Subjects: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis -- autoimmune disease -- granulomatosis with polyangiitis -- immunosuppression -- lupus nephritis -- microscopic polyangiitis -- rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis -- systemic lupus erythematosus -- systemic vasculitis; Medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Médecine -- Périodiques; Médecine factuelle -- Périodiques; Medicine; Periodicals; Electronic journals; Electronic journals; 610
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2023.01.010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1357-3039

Abstract

Abstract: Multisystem autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and vasculitis, are inflammatory conditions of unknown cause. Renal involvement occurs in a variety of forms and usually represents a severe disease manifestation. SLE is complicated by renal involvement (lupus nephritis) in over one-third of individuals. Small vessel vasculitides, including antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, also frequently affect the kidneys, causing a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Histologically, this manifests as a necrotizing, crescentic glomerulonephritis. This is potentially reversible but if left untreated generally results in end-stage renal failure and death within days to weeks. A crescentic glomerulonephritis can also be seen in SLE, but this is not the typical pattern of lupus nephritis, which is usually characterized by immune complex deposition causing a diffuse, proliferative glomerulonephritis. Lupus nephritis and renal vasculitis are the most frequent causes of renal failure in multisystem autoimmune disease.