Experimental determination and modelling of fuel rate of injection: A review. (1st July 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mata, Carmen; Rojas-Reinoso, Vicente; Soriano, José A.
• Is Part Of: Fuel. Volume 343(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-07-01
• Subjects: Fuel injection systems -- Rate of fuel injection -- Zero-dimensional modelling -- Numerical simulation -- Outlet nozzle; DB Diffuse Backlighting -- DT Dwell Time -- ET Energizing Time -- EoE End of Energizing -- EoI End of Injection -- FP Fuel Properties -- ISC Injection Spray Characteristics -- iinj Injector Consumption Current -- MEP Mean Effective Pressure -- Mf Momentum Flux -- mf Fuel Mass Injected -- ne Needle Lift -- pcil Cylinder Pressure -- pe Exhaust Pressure -- PI Piezoelectric Injector -- pr Rail Pressure -- Re Reynolds Number -- RoI Rate of Injection -- SI Solenoid Injector -- SoE Start of Energizing -- SoI Start of Injection -- uinj Injection Speed -- Δpf Pressure Drop; Fuel -- Periodicals; Coal -- Periodicals; Coal; Fuel; Periodicals; 662.6
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2023.127895
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0016-2361

Abstract

Highlights: Review of fuel injection rate modelling and measurement articles. Review of documents in which fuel injection rate measurements are made. Methods and characteristics of the models used in the reviewed documents. The main uses of 0D models are for diesel and solenoid injectors and the 1D, 2D and 3D models are more versatile in fuel types and injectors. Abstract: The fuel injection rate knowledge is essential for the evolution of injection systems, improving engine performance, and controlling emissions. Fuel injection rate modelling from experimental data can go a long way in studying the injection rate's behaviour in all operating ranges of an engine. Further, injection rate modelling makes it possible to considerably reduce the experimental data required for the injection rate study. The study of injection rates mainly used with the Bosch method and its modeling are a useful, simple and alternative tool that improves the understanding of the process and can feed thermodynamic studies, improving the precision of the studied parameters. This work analyses the existing publications in this field of study. This study is based on 156 scientific papers published between 2003 and 2022. Most of the studies aim to increase the precision of the measurement and modelling of the fuel injection rate in reciprocating internal combustion engines from zero-dimensional to other more complex simulation models. This document is structured into two parts; firstly, the development and evolution of various methods and methodologies for measuring the injection rate, together with the theoretical mathematical equation that defines the behaviour of the fuel injection rate in reciprocating internal combustion engines generically. In the second part of this study, the most common mathematical modelling methodologies are brought together, emphasizing the experimental data used to develop and validate the models.