A stability-guaranteed and energy-conserving torque distribution strategy for electric vehicles under extreme conditions. (1st February 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hu, Xiao; Wang, Ping; Hu, Yunfeng; Chen, Hong
• Is Part Of: Applied energy. Volume 259(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-02-01
• Subjects: Electric vehicles with in-wheel motors -- Torque distributed -- Nonlinear model predictive control -- Handling and stability performance -- Energy efficiency; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy conservation -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114162
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-2619

Abstract

Highlights: A torque distribution strategy is proposed to balance the multiple demands. The nonlinear dynamic characteristics of vehicle are considered. The handling and stability performance is improved on the critical condition. A nonlinear model predictive controller is designed to reduce energy consumption. Abstract: For electric vehicles with in-wheel motors, the torque distribution strategy is used to manipulate their dynamics to reduce energy consumption and ensure safety. Under critical conditions, it is difficult to meet the necessary requirements with a simple torque distribution due to the coupled nonlinear characteristics and corresponding safety constraints. To address these problems, a stability-guaranteed and energy-conserving torque distribution strategy is proposed for the vehicles in an innovative master-slave control framework. Considering the dynamic characteristics of tires on a low-friction-coefficient road, a nonlinear controller is designed to regulate the steering angle of the front wheel and an additional yaw moment in the active safety control layer. According to the driver's dynamic demand and actuator constraints, a torque distribution controller based on model predictive control theory is designed in the energy-efficiency control layer. The motor efficiency map is used in the objective function to reduce energy consumption while improving and balancing motor efficiency. The proposed torque distribution strategy managed to show an increment of 4.50%, 0.80% with previous in energy saving under double lane change and straight acceleration maneuvers respectively, while the power loss does not exceed 0.08%.