Role of pH in skin cleansing. (26th July 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Role of pH in skin cleansing. (26th July 2021)
- Main Title:
- Role of pH in skin cleansing
- Authors:
- Hawkins, Stacy
Dasgupta, Bivash R.
Ananthapadmanabhan, Kavssery P. - Abstract:
- Abstract: Background: The importance of maintaining the acid‐mantle of human stratum corneum to maintain its healthy barrier and skin's biological functions such as desquamation and lipid biosynthesis is well recognized in the literature. An outcome of this has been an increase in the number of skincare products formulated at or near the skin pH with an implication that a product formulated at skin pH will be good for skin. Such an assumption often does not take into account the specific interactions of ingredients in the product with the stratum corneum under skin pH conditions. Objective: The objective of this research was to determine whether a skin cleansing product by virtue of its pH being same as "skin pH" is milder to skin. Methods: A well established Forearm Controlled Application Test (FCAT) protocol was used in clinical studies to compare "skin pH" cleansing systems with neutral pH cleansing systems. Specifically, certain commercially available "skin pH" cleansing bars were compared with a neutral pH syndet bar in two separate FCAT studies. Since these bars differed in their surfactant composition, in a separate FCAT study, two identical prototype bar formulations differed only in their pH were compared. Additionally, two body wash liquid prototypes, identical in composition but differing only in their pH were also compared in another FCAT study. Results: The results obtained showed that skin‐cleansing systems formulated solely or predominantly with anionicAbstract: Background: The importance of maintaining the acid‐mantle of human stratum corneum to maintain its healthy barrier and skin's biological functions such as desquamation and lipid biosynthesis is well recognized in the literature. An outcome of this has been an increase in the number of skincare products formulated at or near the skin pH with an implication that a product formulated at skin pH will be good for skin. Such an assumption often does not take into account the specific interactions of ingredients in the product with the stratum corneum under skin pH conditions. Objective: The objective of this research was to determine whether a skin cleansing product by virtue of its pH being same as "skin pH" is milder to skin. Methods: A well established Forearm Controlled Application Test (FCAT) protocol was used in clinical studies to compare "skin pH" cleansing systems with neutral pH cleansing systems. Specifically, certain commercially available "skin pH" cleansing bars were compared with a neutral pH syndet bar in two separate FCAT studies. Since these bars differed in their surfactant composition, in a separate FCAT study, two identical prototype bar formulations differed only in their pH were compared. Additionally, two body wash liquid prototypes, identical in composition but differing only in their pH were also compared in another FCAT study. Results: The results obtained showed that skin‐cleansing systems formulated solely or predominantly with anionic surfactants under skin pH conditions can result in increased skin dryness and irritation compared to those under neutral pH conditions. The results are explained in terms of the increased electrostatic interaction of anionic surfactants with stratum corneum under low pH conditions compared to neutral pH conditions. Conclusion: Skin‐cleansing systems formulated solely or predominantly with anionic surfactants under skin pH conditions can result in increased skin dryness and irritation compared to those under neutral pH conditions. Any skin cleansing product by virtue of its pH being same as that of "skin pH" does not guarantee that it will be good for skin. The mildness of a cleanser will be determined by the interactions of its surfactants and other ingredients with stratum corneum under its formulated pH conditions. Abstract : Mildness of a cleanser towards stratum corneum is determined by its ingredients and their interactions with skin at their formulated pH. Any cleanser formulated to be at skin pH in itself does not guarantee that it is mild to skin. The figure shows a syndet cleansing bar formulated at neutral pH to be milder to skin than two other syndet cleansers formulated under 'skin pH' conditions. Résumé: Contexte: l'importance de la protection du manteau acide de la couche cornée humaine en vue de maintenir une barrière saine et les fonctions biologiques de la peau, telles que la desquamation et la biosynthèse lipidique, est bien reconnue dans la littérature médicale. Cela a eu pour résultat l'augmentation du nombre de produits cosmétiques formulés à un pH proche ou identique au pH de la peau, impliquant ainsi qu'un produit formulé au pH de la peau sera bon pour la peau. Cette hypothèse ne tient souvent pas compte des interactions spécifiques des ingrédients du produit avec la couche cornée dans des conditions de pH de la peau. Objectif: l'objectif de cette recherche était de déterminer si un nettoyant pour la peau formulé à un pH identique au « pH de la peau » est, pour cette raison, plus doux pour la peau. Méthodes: un protocole bien établi de test d'application contrôlée sur l'avant‐bras (Forearm Controlled Application Test, FCAT) a été utilisé dans des études cliniques pour comparer les nettoyants à « pH de la peau » et les nettoyants à pH neutre. Plus précisément, certains savons à « pH de la peau » disponibles dans le commerce ont été comparés à un savon surgras à pH neutre dans deux études distinctes faisant appel au FCAT. La composition en termes d'agents de surface de ces savons étant différente, une étude distincte faisant appel au FCAT a comparé deux prototypes de savons de composition identique mais de pH différent. De plus, deux prototypes de savon liquide pour le corps, de composition identique mais de pH différent, ont également été comparés dans une autre étude faisant appel au FCAT. Résultats: les résultats obtenus ont montré que les nettoyants pour la peau formulés uniquement ou principalement avec des agents de surface anioniques dans des conditions de pH de la peau peuvent entraîner une augmentation de la sécheresse et de l'irritation cutanées, par rapport à ceux formulés dans des conditions de pH neutre. Les résultats s'expliquent par l'interaction électrostatique accrue des agents de surface anioniques avec la couche cornée dans des conditions de pH faible par rapport aux conditions de pH neutre. Conclusion: les nettoyants pour la peau formulés uniquement ou principalement avec des agents de surface anioniques dans des conditions de pH de la peau peuvent entraîner une augmentation de la sécheresse et de l'irritation cutanées, par rapport à ceux formulés dans des conditions de pH neutre. La formulation d'un nettoyant pour la peau à un pH identique au « pH de la peau » ne garantit pas qu'il sera bon pour la peau. La douceur d'un nettoyant sera déterminée par les interactions de ses agents de surface et de ses autres ingrédients avec la couche cornée dans ses conditions de formulation en termes de pH. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- International journal of cosmetic science. Volume 43:Number 4(2021)
- Journal:
- International journal of cosmetic science
- Issue:
- Volume 43:Number 4(2021)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 43, Issue 4 (2021)
- Year:
- 2021
- Volume:
- 43
- Issue:
- 4
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2021-0043-0004-0000
- Page Start:
- 474
- Page End:
- 483
- Publication Date:
- 2021-07-26
- Subjects:
- claim substantiation in vivo -- skin pH -- mildness -- moisturisation -- pH effects on cleansing -- skin cleansing
Cosmetics -- Periodicals
668.5505 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/member/institutions/issuelist.asp?journal=ics ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1468-2494 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/ics.12721 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0142-5463
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4542.178400
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 26844.xml