Type I interferon autoantibodies in hospitalized patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome and association with outcomes and treatment effect of interferon beta‐1b in MIRACLE clinical trial. Issue 3 (21st March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Alotaibi, Faizah; Alharbi, Naif Khalaf; Rosen, Lindsey B.; Asiri, Ayed Y.; Assiri, Abdullah M.; Balkhy, Hanan H.; Al Jeraisy, Majed; Mandourah, Yasser; AlJohani, Sameera; Al Harbi, Shmeylan; Jokhdar, Hani A. Aziz; Deeb, Ahmad M.; Memish, Ziad A.; Jose, Jesna; Ghazal, Sameeh; Al Faraj, Sarah; Al Mekhlafi, Ghaleb A.; Sherbeeni, Nisreen Murad; Elzein, Fatehi Elnour; AlMutairi, Badriah M.; Al‐Dawood, Abdulaziz; Abdullah, Mashan L.; Barhoumi, Tlili; Alenazi, Mohammed W.; Almasood, Abdulrahman; Holland, Steven M.; Arabi, Yaseen M.
• Is Part Of: Influenza and other respiratory viruses. Volume 17:Issue 3(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2023-03-21
• Subjects: auto‐abs -- ICU -- MERS -- MIRACLE trial -- Type I IFNs; Influenza -- Periodicals; Respiratory infections -- Periodicals; Virus diseases -- Periodicals; Influenza, Human -- Periodicals; Respiratory Tract Diseases -- Periodicals; Virus Diseases -- Periodicals; Grippe -- Périodiques; Appareil respiratoire -- Infections -- Périodiques; Maladies à virus -- Périodiques; 616.203
• DOI: 10.1111/irv.13116
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1750-2640

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Type I interferons (IFNs) are essential antiviral cytokines induced upon respiratory exposure to coronaviruses. Defects in type I IFN signaling can result in severe disease upon exposure to respiratory viral infection and are associated with worse clinical outcomes. Neutralizing autoantibodies (auto‐Abs) to type I IFNs were reported as a risk factor for life‐threatening COVID‐19, but their presence has not been evaluated in patients with severe Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Methods: We evaluated the prevalence of type I IFN auto‐Abs in a cohort of hospitalized patients with MERS who were enrolled in a placebo‐controlled clinical trial for treatment with IFN‐β1b and lopinavir‐ritonavir (MIRACLE trial). Samples were tested for type I IFN auto‐Abs using a multiplex particle‐based assay. Results: Among the 62 enrolled patients, 15 (24.2%) were positive for immunoglobulin G auto‐Abs for at least one subtype of type I IFNs. Auto‐Abs positive patients were not different from auto‐Abs negative patients in age, sex, or comorbidities. However, the majority (93.3%) of patients who were auto‐Abs positive were critically ill and admitted to the ICU at the time of enrollment compared to 66% in the auto‐Abs negative patients. The effect of treatment with IFN‐β1b and lopinavir‐ritonavir did not significantly differ between the two groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the presence of type I IFN auto‐Abs in hospitalized patients with MERS.