Three‐dimensional simulations of six treatment maneuvers for horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo canalithiasis. (12th August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bhandari, Anita; Bhandari, Rajneesh; Kingma, Herman; Zuma e Maia, Francisco; Strupp, Michael
• Is Part Of: European journal of neurology. Volume 28:Number 12(2021)
• Page Start: 4178
• Page End: 4183
• Publication Date: 2021-08-12
• Subjects: BPPV -- canalithiasis -- horizontal canal -- maneuvers -- simulator; Neurology -- Periodicals; Nervous system -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 616.8
• DOI: 10.1111/ene.15044
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1351-5101

Abstract

Abstract: Background and purpose: Horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the second most common variant of BPPV after posterior canal BPPV. Various liberatory maneuvers are recommended for the treatment of horizontal canal BPPV canalithiasis (hc‐BPPV‐ca). The aim of this study was to show how three‐dimensional (3D) dynamic simulation models visualize the movement of the clot of otoconia within the canal for a better understanding of the theoretical efficacy. Methods: Based on reconstructed magnetic resonance imaging and fluid dynamics, a 3D dynamic simulation model (as a function of time) was developed and applied. Thereby, six treatment maneuvers for hc‐BPPV‐ca were simulated: two types of the roll maneuver (the original 270° and the modified 360°) as well as two Gufoni and Zuma maneuvers (for geotropic and apogeotropic nystagmus). Results: The simulations showed that the 360° roll maneuver and Zuma maneuver are effective treatment options for hc‐BPPV‐ca for debris in all locations within the canal. However, the original 270° roll maneuver will not be effective if the clot is in the ampullary arm of the horizontal canal. The Gufoni maneuver for geotropic hc‐BPPV‐ca is effective, whereas for apogeotropic hc‐BPPV‐ca there is a risk of treatment failure due to insufficient repositioning of the debris. Conclusions: The 3D simulations for movement of the otoconia clots can be used to test the mechanism of action and the theoretical efficacy of existing maneuvers for the different BPPV variants. For hc‐BPPV‐ca, the modified 360° roll maneuver and Zuma maneuver are theoretically efficient for all subtypes, whereas Gufoni maneuver is effective for geotropic nystagmus only. Abstract : The simulator provides a useful tool for the clinician to understand the orientation of the head, semicircular canals, and debris in different positions in the canals in three‐dimensional space. The simulator helps us to understand the movement of the otoconia with respect to the movement of the head, which improves our understanding of the optimum plane and angulation required to get the best results.