Characterizing the nanomechanical properties of microcomedones after treatment with sodium salicylate ex vivo using atomic force microscopy. (21st August 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Characterizing the nanomechanical properties of microcomedones after treatment with sodium salicylate ex vivo using atomic force microscopy. (21st August 2021)
- Main Title:
- Characterizing the nanomechanical properties of microcomedones after treatment with sodium salicylate ex vivo using atomic force microscopy
- Authors:
- Al‐Rekabi, Zeinab
Rawlings, Anthony V.
Lucas, Robert A.
Raj, Nidhin
Clifford, Charles A. - Abstract:
- Abstract: Objective: The treatment of acne presents a major clinical and dermatological challenge. Investigating the nanomechanical properties of the microcomedone precursor lesions using atomic force microscopy (AFM) may prove beneficial in understanding their softening, dissolution and prevention. Although the exact biochemical mechanism of NaSal on microcomedones is not fully understood at present, it appears to exhibit a significant exfoliation effect on the skin via corneodesmosome dissolution. Methods: Therefore, to support this exploration, sodium salicylate (NaSal), a common ingredient employed in skin care products, is applied ex vivo to microcomedones, collected by nose strip adhesive tape, and their nanomechanical properties are assessed using AFM. Although the exact biochemical mechanism of NaSal on microcomedones is not fully understood at present, it appears to exhibit a significant exfoliation effect on the skin via corneodesmosome dissolution. Results: Herein, our findings demonstrate that when microcomedones are treated with 2% NaSal, samples appeared significantly more compliant ('softer') ((1.3 ± 0.62) MPa) when compared to their pre‐treated measurements ((7.2 ± 3.6) MPa; p = 0.038). Furthermore, elastic modulus maps showed that after 2% NaSal treatment, areas in the microcomedone appeared softer and swollen in some, but not in all areas, further proving the valuable impact of 2% NaSal solution in altering the biomechanical properties and morphologies inAbstract: Objective: The treatment of acne presents a major clinical and dermatological challenge. Investigating the nanomechanical properties of the microcomedone precursor lesions using atomic force microscopy (AFM) may prove beneficial in understanding their softening, dissolution and prevention. Although the exact biochemical mechanism of NaSal on microcomedones is not fully understood at present, it appears to exhibit a significant exfoliation effect on the skin via corneodesmosome dissolution. Methods: Therefore, to support this exploration, sodium salicylate (NaSal), a common ingredient employed in skin care products, is applied ex vivo to microcomedones, collected by nose strip adhesive tape, and their nanomechanical properties are assessed using AFM. Although the exact biochemical mechanism of NaSal on microcomedones is not fully understood at present, it appears to exhibit a significant exfoliation effect on the skin via corneodesmosome dissolution. Results: Herein, our findings demonstrate that when microcomedones are treated with 2% NaSal, samples appeared significantly more compliant ('softer') ((1.3 ± 0.62) MPa) when compared to their pre‐treated measurements ((7.2 ± 3.6) MPa; p = 0.038). Furthermore, elastic modulus maps showed that after 2% NaSal treatment, areas in the microcomedone appeared softer and swollen in some, but not in all areas, further proving the valuable impact of 2% NaSal solution in altering the biomechanical properties and morphologies in microcomedones. Conclusion: Our results are the first of their kind to provide qualitative and quantitative mechanobiological evidence that 2% NaSal decreases the elastic modulus of microcomedones. Therefore, this study provides evidence that NaSal can be beneficial as an active ingredient in topical treatments aimed at targeting microcomedones. Abstract : Understanding the biochemistry and biophysics of microcomedones is limited. Generally, there is a lack of data on the abnormal skin peeling processes in a microcomedone. Although sodium salicylate (NaSal) has been shown to exhibit exfoliation effects on the stratum corneum, a thorough description of the physical properties of microcomedones in the presence of NaSal is significantly less well characterized. In our study, we utilize, for the first time, atomic force microscopy as a tool to extract quantitative elastic information of microcomedones with and without the addition of NaSal ex vivo. Using this novel approach, we provide quantitative evidence that NaSal softens and swells microcomedones, indicating that it can be used as a beneficial ingredient in topical acne treatments. Abstrait: Objectif: Le traitement de l'acné présente un défi clinique et dermatologique majeur. L'étude des propriétés nanomécaniques des lésions précurseurs en tant que microcomédons à l'aide de la microscopie à force atomique (AFM) peut s'avérer bénéfique pour comprendre leur ramollissement, leur dissolution et leur prévention. Méthodes: Par conséquent, pour soutenir cette exploration, le salicylate de sodium (NaSal), un ingrédient couramment utilisé dans les produits de soins de la peau, est appliqué ex vivo aux microcomédons et leurs propriétés nanomécaniques sont évaluées à l'aide de l'AFM. Bien que le mécanisme biochimique exact du NaSal sur les microcomédons ne soit pas entièrement compris à l'heure actuelle, il semble présenter un effet exfoliant significatif sur la peau via la dissolution des cornéodesmosomes. Résultats: Ici, nos résultats démontrent que lorsque les microcomédons sont traités avec 2% de NaSal, les échantillons semblaient significativement plus conformes ("plus doux") ((1.3 ± 0.62) MPa) par rapport à leurs mesures pré‐traitées ((7.2 ± 3.6) MPa ; P = 0, 03826). De plus, les cartes du module d'élasticité ont montré qu'après un traitement à 2 % de NaSal, les zones du microcomédon semblaient plus molles et gonflées dans certaines zones, mais pas dans toutes, prouvant ainsi l'impact précieux d'une solution de NaSal à 2 % dans la modification des propriétés biomécaniques et de la morphologie des microcomédons. Conclusion: Nos résultats sont les premiers du genre à fournir des preuves mécanobiologiques qualitatives et quantitatives que 2% de NaSal diminue le module d'élasticité des microcomédons. Par conséquent, cette étude fournit des preuves que NaSal peut être bénéfique en tant qu'ingrédient actif dans les traitements topiques visant à cibler les microcomédons. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- International journal of cosmetic science. Volume 43:Number 5(2021)
- Journal:
- International journal of cosmetic science
- Issue:
- Volume 43:Number 5(2021)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 43, Issue 5 (2021)
- Year:
- 2021
- Volume:
- 43
- Issue:
- 5
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2021-0043-0005-0000
- Page Start:
- 610
- Page End:
- 618
- Publication Date:
- 2021-08-21
- Subjects:
- atomic force microscopy -- force–volume mapping -- microcomedones -- sodium salicylate and elastic modulus
Cosmetics -- Periodicals
668.5505 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/member/institutions/issuelist.asp?journal=ics ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1468-2494 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/ics.12729 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0142-5463
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4542.178400
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 26828.xml