Land‐use history alters the diversity, community composition and interaction networks of ectomycorrhizal fungi in beech forests. (27th June 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Land‐use history alters the diversity, community composition and interaction networks of ectomycorrhizal fungi in beech forests. (27th June 2021)
- Main Title:
- Land‐use history alters the diversity, community composition and interaction networks of ectomycorrhizal fungi in beech forests
- Authors:
- Correia, Marta
Espelta, Josep Maria
Morillo, José A.
Pino, Joan
Rodríguez‐Echeverría, Susana - Abstract:
- Abstract: Forests have expanded across Europe over the last centuries as a consequence of farmland (agricultural and pasture) abandonment. Agricultural practices usually increase soil fertility and reduce the diversity and abundance of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, essential mutualists of many woody species in temperate and Mediterranean forests. The recovery of this biotic interaction after the cessation of human activities is, thus, crucial for the re‐establishment of functional forest ecosystems. Here we addressed the legacies of past land use and the recovery of the mutualism between ECM fungi and Fagus sylvatica trees in recent beech forests (<50 years) in Northeast Spain. Soil and root samples were collected in six long‐established and eight recent beech forests to analyse soil abiotic properties and the ECM fungi associated with beech roots (Illumina DNA metabarcoding of ECM tips). Up to 609 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of ECM fungi were identified, with 220 ASVs found in both forest types. Recent forests had a significantly lower soil organic matter and phosphorus content, which had a significant effect on the community structure of ECM fungi in beech roots. Moreover, beech trees in recent forests interacted with less fungal taxa but had a higher relative abundance of Ascomycota. Tarzetta spp. (Ascomycota, Pezizales) and Lactarius blennius (Basidiomycota, Russulales) emerge as the particular taxa associated with recent and long‐established forests respectively.Abstract: Forests have expanded across Europe over the last centuries as a consequence of farmland (agricultural and pasture) abandonment. Agricultural practices usually increase soil fertility and reduce the diversity and abundance of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, essential mutualists of many woody species in temperate and Mediterranean forests. The recovery of this biotic interaction after the cessation of human activities is, thus, crucial for the re‐establishment of functional forest ecosystems. Here we addressed the legacies of past land use and the recovery of the mutualism between ECM fungi and Fagus sylvatica trees in recent beech forests (<50 years) in Northeast Spain. Soil and root samples were collected in six long‐established and eight recent beech forests to analyse soil abiotic properties and the ECM fungi associated with beech roots (Illumina DNA metabarcoding of ECM tips). Up to 609 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of ECM fungi were identified, with 220 ASVs found in both forest types. Recent forests had a significantly lower soil organic matter and phosphorus content, which had a significant effect on the community structure of ECM fungi in beech roots. Moreover, beech trees in recent forests interacted with less fungal taxa but had a higher relative abundance of Ascomycota. Tarzetta spp. (Ascomycota, Pezizales) and Lactarius blennius (Basidiomycota, Russulales) emerge as the particular taxa associated with recent and long‐established forests respectively. More specialized mutualistic networks with a lower species normalized degree were found in recent forests, which might result in a lower quality and resilience of the ECM mutualism. Synthesis . Land‐use history modulated the mycorrhizal symbiosis in regenerating beech forests through changes in soil organic matter and nitrogen, which were the main drivers of the differences in fungal community composition and functional types associated with beech trees in recent forests. Abstract : Our study shows that ectomycorrhizal fungi can readily re‐colonize former pastureland with beech forests, but important differences in the structure and diversity of ECM fungal communities and in the interactions with beech trees are still maintained after 50 years of land abandonment. Our results suggest that land‐use history modulated these differences in the mycorrhizal symbiosis in the regenerating beech forests through changes in soil organic matter and nitrogen. Beech trees and ECM fungi interact with fewer partners in recent forests resulting in more specialized plant‐fungal networks, which might result in a lower quality and resilience of the ectomycorrhizal mutualism. Resumen: Los bosques se han expandido por toda Europa durante los últimos siglos como consecuencia del abandono de la agricultura y de los pastos. Las prácticas agrícolas generalmente aumentan la fertilidad del suelo y reducen la diversidad y abundancia de hongos ectomicorrícicos (ECM), mutualistas esenciales de muchas especies leñosas en bosques templados y mediterráneos. La recuperación de esta interacción biótica tras el cese de las actividades humanas es, por tanto, crucial para el restablecimiento de ecosistemas forestales funcionales. En este trabajo estudiamos el legado del uso del suelo y la recuperación del mutualismo entre hongos ECM y árboles en hayedos recientes (<50 años) en el nordeste de España. Se recolectaron muestras de suelo y raíces en 6 bosques de hayas viejos (>50 años) y 8 bosques recientes para analizar las propiedades abióticas del suelo y los hongos ECM asociados a las raíces del haya (Illumina metabarcoding de puntas ECM). Se identificaron 609 amplicones (ASV) de hongos ECM, con 220 ASV encontrados en ambos tipos de bosques. La concentración de materia orgánica y de fósforo en el suelo fue significativamente menor en los bosques recientes, lo que, a su vez, tuvo un efecto significativo en la estructura de las comunidades de hongos ECM asociados al haya. Además, estos bosques recientes tienen una menor riqueza fúngica general y menor número de especies indicadoras, pero una mayor abundancia relativa de Ascomycota. Tarzetta spp. (Ascomycota, Pezizales) y Lactarius blennius (Basidiomycota, Russulales) fueron las especies indicadoras más robustas para bosques recientes y viejos, respectivamente. Las redes mutualistas fueron más especializadas y con menor grado de normalización de especies en bosques recientes, lo que podría afectar la calidad y dinámica de este mutualismo. Síntesis . Los usos del suelo en el pasado modulan la interacción micorrícica en los bosques de haya en regeneración a través de cambios en la materia orgánica y el N inorgánico‐edáficos, que, a su vez, fueron los principales responsables de la diferente composición taxonómica y funcional observada en las comunidades de hongos ectomicorrícicos asociados al haya en los bosques recientes. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Journal of ecology. Volume 109:Number 8(2021)
- Journal:
- Journal of ecology
- Issue:
- Volume 109:Number 8(2021)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 109, Issue 8 (2021)
- Year:
- 2021
- Volume:
- 109
- Issue:
- 8
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2021-0109-0008-0000
- Page Start:
- 2856
- Page End:
- 2870
- Publication Date:
- 2021-06-27
- Subjects:
- ectomycorrhizal fungi -- Fagus sylvatica -- forest expansion -- land‐use legacy -- mutualism
Plant ecology -- Periodicals
577.05 - Journal URLs:
- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2745 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.13674 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0022-0477
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4972.000000
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 26826.xml