A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication. Issue 1 (5th February 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Vasconcelos Da Silva, Miguel; Melendez‐Torres, Gerardo Javier; Ismail, Zahinoor; Testad, Ingelin; Ballard, Clive; Creese, Byron
• Other Names: Weiner Michael investigator.; Aisen Paul investigator.; Petersen Ronald investigator.; Jack Clifford R. investigator.; Jagust William investigator.; Trojanowki John Q. investigator.; Toga Arthur W. investigator.; Beckett Laurel investigator.; Green Robert C. investigator.; Saykin Andrew J. investigator.; Morris John investigator.; Shaw Leslie M. investigator.; Liu Enchi investigator.; Montine Tom investigator.; Thomas Ronald G. investigator.; Donohue Michael investigator.; Walter Sarah investigator.; Gessert Devon investigator.; Sather Tamie investigator.; Jiminez Gus investigator.; Harvey Danielle investigator.; Donohue Michael investigator.; Bernstein Matthew investigator.; Fox Nick investigator.; Thompson Paul investigator.; Schuff Norbert investigator.; DeCArli Charles investigator.; Borowski Bret investigator.; Gunter Jeff investigator.; Senjem Matt investigator.; Vemuri Prashanthi investigator.; Jones David investigator.; Kantarci Kejal investigator.; Ward Chad investigator.; Koeppe Robert A. investigator.; Foster Norm investigator.; Reiman Eric M. investigator.; Chen Kewei investigator.; Mathis Chet investigator.; Landau Susan investigator.; Cairns Nigel J. investigator.; Householder Erin investigator.; Reinwald Lisa Taylor investigator.; Lee Virginia investigator.; Korecka Magdalena investigator.; Figurski Michal investigator.; Crawford Karen investigator.; Neu Scott investigator.; Foroud Tatiana M. investigator.; Potkin Steven investigator.; Shen Li investigator.; Kelley Faber investigator.; Kim Sungeun investigator.; Nho Kwangsik investigator.; Kachaturian Zaven investigator.; Frank Richard investigator.; Snyder Peter J. investigator.; Molchan Susan investigator.; Kaye Jeffrey investigator.; Quinn Joseph investigator.; Lind Betty investigator.; Carter Raina investigator.; Dolen Sara investigator.; Schneider Lon S. investigator.; Pawluczyk Sonia investigator.; Beccera Mauricio investigator.; Teodoro Liberty investigator.; Spann Bryan M. investigator.; Brewer James investigator.; Van der Swag Helen investigator.; Fleisher Adam investigator.; Heidebrink Judith L. investigator.; Lord Joanne L. investigator.; Petersen Ronald investigator.; Mason Sara S. investigator.; Albers Colleen S. investigator.; Knopman David investigator.; Johnson Kris investigator.; Doody Rachelle S. investigator.; Meyer Javier Villanueva investigator.; Chowdhury Munir investigator.; Rountree Susan investigator.; Dang Mimi investigator.; Stern Yaakov investigator.; Honig Lawrence S. investigator.; Bell Karen L. investigator.; Ances Beau investigator.; Morris John C. investigator.; Carroll Maria investigator.; Leon Sue investigator.; Householder Erin investigator.; Mintun Mark A. investigator.; Schneider Stacy investigator.; Oliver Angela investigator.; Marson Daniel investigator.; Griffith Randall investigator.; Clark David investigator.; Geldmacher David investigator.; Brockington John investigator.; Roberson Erik investigator.; Grossman Hillel investigator.; Mitsis Effie investigator.; deToledoMorrell Leyla investigator.; Shah Raj C. investigator.; Duara Ranjan investigator.; Varon Daniel investigator.; Greig Maria T. investigator.; Roberts Peggy investigator.; Albert Marilyn investigator.; Onyike Chiadi investigator.; D'Agostino Daniel investigator.; Kielb Stephanie investigator.; Galvin James E. investigator.; Pogorelec Dana M. investigator.; Cerbone Brittany investigator.; Michel Christina A. investigator.; Rusinek Henry investigator.; de Leon Mony J. investigator.; Glodzik Lidia investigator.; De Santi Susan investigator.; Murali Doraiswamy P. investigator.; Petrella Jeffrey R. investigator.; Wong Terence Z. investigator.; Arnold Steven E. investigator.; Karlawish Jason H. investigator.; Wolk David investigator.; Smith Charles D. investigator.; Jicha Greg investigator.; Hardy Peter investigator.; Sinha Partha investigator.; Oates Elizabeth investigator.; Conrad Gary investigator.; Lopez Oscar L. investigator.; Oakley MaryAnn investigator.; Simpson Donna M. investigator.; Porsteinsson Anton P. investigator.; Goldstein Bonnie S. investigator.; Martin Kim investigator.; Makino Kelly M. investigator.; Ismail M. Saleem investigator.; Brand Connie investigator.; Mulnard Ruth A. investigator.; Thai Gaby investigator.; Mc Adams Ortiz Catherine investigator.; Womack Kyle investigator.; Mathews Dana investigator.; Quiceno Mary investigator.; Arrastia Ramon Diaz investigator.; King Richard investigator.; Weiner Myron investigator.; Martin Cook Kristen investigator.; DeVous Michael investigator.; Levey Allan I. investigator.; Lah James J. investigator.; Cellar Janet S. investigator.; Burns Jeffrey M. investigator.; Anderson Heather S. investigator.; Swerdlow Russell H. investigator.; Apostolova Liana investigator.; Tingus Kathleen investigator.; Woo Ellen investigator.; Silverman Daniel H.S. investigator.; Lu Po H. investigator.; Bartzokis George investigator.; Graff Radford Neill R. investigator.; Parfitt Francine investigator.; Kendall Tracy investigator.; Johnson Heather investigator.; Farlow Martin R. investigator.; Hake Ann Marie investigator.; Matthews Brandy R. investigator.; Herring Scott investigator.; Hunt Cynthia investigator.; van Dyck Christopher H. investigator.; Carson Richard E. investigator.; MacAvoy Martha G. investigator.; Chertkow Howard investigator.; Bergman Howard investigator.; Hosein Chris investigator.; Black Sandra investigator.; Stefanovic Bojana investigator.; Caldwell Curtis investigator.; Hsiung Ging Yuek Robin investigator.; Feldman Howard investigator.; Mudge Benita investigator.; Assaly Michele investigator.; Kertesz Andrew investigator.; Rogers John investigator.; Trost Dick investigator.; Bernick Charles investigator.; Munic Donna investigator.; Kerwin Diana investigator.; Mesulam Marek Marsel investigator.; Lipowski Kristine investigator.; Wu Chuang Kuo investigator.; Johnson Nancy investigator.; Sadowsky Carl investigator.; Martinez Walter investigator.; Villena Teresa investigator.; Turner Raymond Scott investigator.; Johnson Kathleen investigator.; Reynolds Brigid investigator.; Sperling Reisa A. investigator.; Johnson Keith A. investigator.; Marshall Gad investigator.; Frey Meghan investigator.; Yesavage Jerome investigator.; Taylor Joy L. investigator.; Lane Barton investigator.; Rosen Allyson investigator.; Tinklenberg Jared investigator.; Sabbagh Marwan N. investigator.; Belden Christine M. investigator.; Jacobson Sandra A. investigator.; Sirrel Sherye A. investigator.; Kowall Neil investigator.; Killiany Ronald investigator.; Budson Andrew E. investigator.; Norbash Alexander investigator.; Johnson Patricia Lynn investigator.; Obisesan Thomas O. investigator.; Wolday Saba investigator.; Allard Joanne investigator.; Lerner Alan investigator.; Ogrocki Paula investigator.; Hudson Leon investigator.; Fletcher Evan investigator.; Carmichael Owen investigator.; Olichney John investigator.; DeCarli Charles investigator.; Kittur Smita investigator.; Borrie Michael investigator.; Lee T Y investigator.; Bartha Rob investigator.; Johnson Sterling investigator.; Asthana Sanjay investigator.; Carlsson Cynthia M. investigator.; Potkin Steven G. investigator.; Preda Adrian investigator.; Nguyen Dana investigator.; Tariot Pierre investigator.; Fleisher Adam investigator.; Reeder Stephanie investigator.; Bates Vernice investigator.; Capote Horacio investigator.; Rainka Michelle investigator.; Scharre Douglas W. investigator.; Kataki Maria investigator.; Adeli Anahita investigator.; Zimmerman Earl A. investigator.; Celmins Dzintra investigator.; Brown Alice D. investigator.; Pearlson Godfrey D. investigator.; Blank Karen investigator.; Anderson Karen investigator.; Santulli Robert B. investigator.; Kitzmiller Tamar J. investigator.; Schwartz Eben S. investigator.; Sink Kaycee M. investigator.; Williamson Jeff D. investigator.; Garg Pradeep investigator.; Watkins Franklin investigator.; Ott Brian R. investigator.; Querfurth Henry investigator.; Tremont Geoffrey investigator.; Salloway Stephen investigator.; Malloy Paul investigator.; Correia Stephen investigator.; Rosen Howard J. investigator.; Miller Bruce L. investigator.; Mintzer Jacobo investigator.; Spicer Kenneth investigator.; Bachman David investigator.; Finger Elizabether investigator.; Pasternak Stephen investigator.; Rachinsky Irina investigator.; Rogers John investigator.; Kertesz Andrew investigator.; Drost Dick investigator.; Pomara Nunzio investigator.; Hernando Raymundo investigator.; Sarrael Antero investigator.; Schultz Susan K. investigator.; Boles Ponto Laura L. investigator.; Shim Hyungsub investigator.; Smith Karen Elizabeth investigator.; Relkin Norman investigator.; Chaing Gloria investigator.; Raudin Lisa investigator.; Smith Amanda investigator.; Fargher Kristin investigator.; Ashok Raj Balebail investigator.;
• Is Part Of: Alzheimer's & dementia. Volume 15:Issue 1(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2023-02-05
• Subjects: apathy -- dementia -- depression -- latent class analysis; Alzheimer's disease -- Periodicals; Alzheimer's disease -- Diagnosis -- Periodicals; Dementia -- Periodicals; Dementia -- Diagnosis -- Periodicals; 616.831
• DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12398
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-8729

Abstract

Abstract: Apathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Research that helps define the apathy phenotype is urgently needed, particularly for clinical and biomarker studies. We used latent class analysis (LCA) with two independent cohorts to understand how apathy and depression symptoms co‐occur statistically. We further explored the relationship between latent class membership, demographics, and the presence of other NPS. The LCA identified a four‐class solution (no symptoms, apathy, depression, and combined apathy/depression), reproducible over both cohorts, providing robust support for an apathy syndrome distinct from depression and confirming that an apathy/depression syndrome exists, supported by the model fit test with the four‐class solution scores evidencing better fitting (Bayesian information criterion adjusted and entropy R 2 ). Using a data‐driven method, we show distinct and statistically meaningful co‐occurrence of apathy and depressive symptoms. There was evidence that these classes have different clinical associations, which may help inform diagnostic categories for research studies and clinical practice. Highlights: We found four classes: no symptoms, apathy, depression and apathy/depression. Apathy conferred a higher probability for agitation. Apathy diagnostic criteria should include accompanying neuropsychiatric symptoms.