Pre‐dispersal seed predation could help explain premature fruit drop in a tropical forest. (20th March 2022)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Pre‐dispersal seed predation could help explain premature fruit drop in a tropical forest. (20th March 2022)
- Main Title:
- Pre‐dispersal seed predation could help explain premature fruit drop in a tropical forest
- Authors:
- Jackson, Eleanor E.
Wright, S. Joseph
Calderón, Osvaldo
Bullock, James M.
Oliver, Tom
Gripenberg, Sofia - Abstract:
- Abstract: Pre‐dispersal seed mortality caused by premature fruit drop is a potentially important source of plant mortality, but one which has rarely been studied in the context of tropical forest plants. Of particular interest is premature fruit drop triggered by enemies, which—if density dependent—could contribute to species coexistence in tropical forest plant communities. We used a long‐term (31 year) dataset on seed and fruit fall obtained through weekly collections from a network of seed traps in a lowland tropical forest (Barro Colorado Island, Panama) to estimate the proportion of seeds prematurely abscised for 201 woody plant species. To determine whether enemy attack might contribute to premature fruit drop, we tested whether plant species abscise more of their fruit prematurely if they (a) have attributes hypothesised to be associated with high levels of enemy attack and (b) are known to be attacked by one enemy group (insect seed predators). We also tested (c) whether mean rates of premature fruit drop for plant species are phylogenetically conserved. Overall rates of premature fruit drop were high in the plant community. Across all species, 39% of seeds were abscised before completing their development. Rates of premature seed abscission varied considerably among species and could not be explained by phylogeny. Premature seed abscission rates were higher in species which are known to host pre‐dispersal insect seed predators and species with attributes that wereAbstract: Pre‐dispersal seed mortality caused by premature fruit drop is a potentially important source of plant mortality, but one which has rarely been studied in the context of tropical forest plants. Of particular interest is premature fruit drop triggered by enemies, which—if density dependent—could contribute to species coexistence in tropical forest plant communities. We used a long‐term (31 year) dataset on seed and fruit fall obtained through weekly collections from a network of seed traps in a lowland tropical forest (Barro Colorado Island, Panama) to estimate the proportion of seeds prematurely abscised for 201 woody plant species. To determine whether enemy attack might contribute to premature fruit drop, we tested whether plant species abscise more of their fruit prematurely if they (a) have attributes hypothesised to be associated with high levels of enemy attack and (b) are known to be attacked by one enemy group (insect seed predators). We also tested (c) whether mean rates of premature fruit drop for plant species are phylogenetically conserved. Overall rates of premature fruit drop were high in the plant community. Across all species, 39% of seeds were abscised before completing their development. Rates of premature seed abscission varied considerably among species and could not be explained by phylogeny. Premature seed abscission rates were higher in species which are known to host pre‐dispersal insect seed predators and species with attributes that were hypothesised to make them more susceptible to attack by pre‐dispersal enemies, namely species which (a) have larger seeds, (b) have a greater average height, (c) have temporally predictable fruiting patterns and (d) are more abundant at the study site. Synthesis . Premature fruit drop is likely to be a major source of seed mortality for many plant species on Barro Colorado Island. It is plausible that pre‐dispersal seed enemies, such as insect seed predators, contribute to community‐level patterns of premature fruit drop and have the potential to mediate species coexistence through stabilising negative density dependence. Our study suggests that the role of pre‐dispersal enemies in structuring tropical plant communities should be considered alongside the more commonly studied post‐dispersal seed and seedling enemies. Abstract : Premature fruit drop is likely to be a major source of seed mortality for many plant species on Barro Colorado Island. It is plausible that pre‐dispersal seed enemies, such as insect seed predators, contribute to community‐level patterns of premature fruit drop and have the potential to mediate species coexistence through stabilising negative density dependence. Graphical abstract created with BioRender.com . Editor's Choice Resumen: La mortalidad de las semillas pre‐dispersión causada por la caída prematura de frutos es una fuente potencialmente importante de mortalidad de las plantas, pero que rara vez se ha estudiado en el contexto de las plantas de bosques tropicales. Es de interés particular la caída prematura de frutos provocada por enemigos que, si son denso‐dependientes, podrían contribuir a la coexistencia de especies en las comunidades de plantas de los bosques tropicales. Utilizamos un conjunto de datos a largo plazo (31 años) sobre la caída de semillas y frutos obtenidos a través de recolecciones semanales de una red de trampas de semillas en un bosque tropical de tierras bajas (Isla de Barro Colorado, Panamá) para estimar la proporción de semillas con abscisión prematura para 201 especies de plantas leñosas. Para determinar si el ataque del enemigo podría contribuir a la caída prematura de la fruta, probamos si las especies de plantas presentan mayor abscisión de su fruto prematuramente si: (1) tienen atributos hipotéticamente asociados con altos niveles de ataque del enemigo, y (2) se conoce que son atacadas por un grupo enemigo (insectos depredadores de semillas). También probamos (3) si las tasas promedio de caída prematura de frutos para las especies de plantas se conservan filogenéticamente. Las tasas generales de caída prematura de frutos fueron altas en la comunidad vegetal. En todas las especies, el 39% de las semillas presentaron abscisión antes de completar su desarrollo. Las tasas de abscisión prematura de semillas variaron considerablemente entre especies y no pudieron explicarse por la filogenia. Las tasas de abscisión prematura de semillas fueron más altas en especies que se sabe que albergan insectos depredadores de semillas pre‐dispersión y especies con atributos que eran hipotetizados de hacerlas más susceptibles al ataque de enemigos pre‐dispersión, es decir, especies que (1) tienen semillas más grandes, (2) tienen un mayor promedio de altura, (3) tienen patrones de fructificación predecibles temporalmente y (4) son más abundantes en el sitio de estudio. Síntesis . La caída prematura de frutos es probablemente una fuente importante de mortalidad de semillas para muchas especies de plantas en la isla de Barro Colorado. Es plausible que los enemigos de semillas pre‐dispersión, como los insectos depredadores de semillas, contribuyan a los patrones de caída prematura de frutos a nivel de comunidad y que tengan el potencial de mediar en la coexistencia de especies mediante la estabilización de la denso‐dependencia negativa. Nuestro estudio sugiere que el papel de los enemigos pre‐dispersión en la estructuración de las comunidades de plantas tropicales debe considerarse junto con los más comúnmente estudiados enemigos post‐dispersión de semillas y plántulas. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Journal of ecology. Volume 110:Number 4(2022)
- Journal:
- Journal of ecology
- Issue:
- Volume 110:Number 4(2022)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 110, Issue 4 (2022)
- Year:
- 2022
- Volume:
- 110
- Issue:
- 4
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2022-0110-0004-0000
- Page Start:
- 751
- Page End:
- 761
- Publication Date:
- 2022-03-20
- Subjects:
- determinants of plant community diversity and structure -- forest dynamics plot -- frugivory -- fruit abortion -- granivory -- herbivory -- immature fruit drop -- Janzen–Connell hypothesis -- plant–herbivore interactions
Plant ecology -- Periodicals
577.05 - Journal URLs:
- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2745 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.13867 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0022-0477
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4972.000000
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British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
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