Investigation of the effects of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) on the growth, immunity, gut microbiota and disease resistance of Penaeus vannamei. Issue 135 (April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Du, Yang; Hu, Xiaoman; Chen, Jifeng; Xu, Wenlong; Li, Hao; Chen, Jiong
• Is Part Of: Fish & shellfish immunology. Issue 135(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-04
• Subjects: Penaeus vannamei -- Silphium perfoliatum L. -- Gut bacteria diversity -- Disease resistance; Fishes -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Shellfish -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Poissons -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; Crustacés -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; 571.9617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108631
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1050-4648

Abstract

Abstract: To investigate the effects of adding different concentrations of cup plant ( Silphium perfoliatum L . ) to the feed on the growth performance, hepatopancreas and intestinal microstructure, gene expression, enzyme activity, as well as intestinal microorganisms and resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus E1 and White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection of the shrimp, cup plant was added to the basal feed at 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% respectively, and fed the shrimp for 6 weeks. It was found that the addition of different concentrations of cup plant could significantly improve the specific growth rate and survival rate of shrimp, reduce the feed conversion rate, and improve the resistance to V. parahaemolyticus E1 and WSSV in shrimp, with the best effect of 5% addition. The tissue sections observations showed that the addition of cup plant significantly improved the hepatopancreas and intestinal tissues of shrimp, especially in alleviating the tissue damage caused by V. parahaemolyticus E1 and WSSV infection, but too high an addition (7%) could also cause side effects on the shrimp intestinal tract. Meantime, the addition of cup plant can also increase the activity of immunodigestive-related enzymes in the hepatopancreas and intestinal tissues of shrimp, and can significantly induce the up-regulation of immune-related genes expression, and it is positively correlated with the amount of addition in a certain range. In addition, it was found that the addition of cup plant has a significant regulating effect on the intestinal flora of shrimp, which can significantly promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Haloferula sp., Algoriphagus sp. and Coccinimonas sp., and inhibit pathogenic bacteria Vibrio sp., such as the number of Vibrionaceae_Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonadaceae_Vibrio in the experimental group were significantly reduced, and the lowest level in the 5% addition group. In summary, the study shows that cup plant can promote the growth of shrimp, improve the resistance of shrimp to disease, and is a potential green environmental feed additive that can replace antibiotics. Highlights: S. perfoliatum L. could improve the specific growth rate and disease resistance of shrimp. S. perfoliatum L. could raise the immunodigestion-related enzyme activity in shrimp hepatopancreas and intestines. S. perfoliatum L. could induce the immunometabolism-related gene transcription in shrimp hepatopancreas and intestines. S. perfoliatum L. could improve the intestinal flora with nutrition and immunity in shrimp.