Reduced neutralizing antibody response to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine booster dose in people living with HIV with severe immunosuppression. Issue 3 (17th March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Corma‐Gómez, Anaïs; Fernández‐Fuertes, Marta; Viñuela, Laura; Domínguez, Carmen; Santos, Marta; Fuentes‐López, Ana; Rojas, Almudena; Fernández‐Pérez, Nieves; Martín‐Carmona, Jessica; Serrano‐Conde, Esther; Real, Luis M.; Mendoza, Joaquín; Macías, Juan; Pineda, Juan A.; García, Federico
• Is Part Of: Journal of medical virology. Volume 95:Issue 3(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2023-03-17
• Subjects: CD4 T‐cell counts -- immune response -- people living with HIV -- SARS‐CoV‐2 -- vaccine; Virology -- Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28602
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0146-6615

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the immunogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) vaccines among people living with HIV (PLWH) with severe immunosuppression, after a booster dose. The design was a case–control study nested in a prospective cohort of PLWH. All patients with CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm 3 who had received additional dose of messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID‐19 vaccine, after a standard immunization scheme were included. Control group: patients age‐ and sex‐matched, with CD4 ≥ 200 cells/mm 3, in the ratio of 2:1. Antibody response to a booster dose (anti‐S levels 33.8 ≥ BAU/mL) and neutralizing activity against SARS‐CoV‐2 B.1, B.1.617.2, and Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 strains were assessed after the booster shot. Fifty‐four PLWH were included, 18 with CD4 counts < 200 cells/mm 3 . Fifty‐one (94%) showed response to a booster dose. Response was less frequent in PLWH with CD4 < 200 cells/mm 3 than in those with CD4 counts ≥ 200 cells/mm 3 (15 [83%] vs. 36 [100%], p = 0.033). In the multivariate analysis, CD4 counts ≥ 200 cells/mm 3 [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 18.1 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.8–19.5), p < 0.001] was associated with a higher probability of showing antibody response. Neutralization activity against SARS‐CoV‐2 B.1, B.1.617, BA.1, and BA.2 strains was significantly inferior among individuals with CD4 counts < 200 cells/mm 3 . In conclusion, among PLWH with CD4 counts < 200 cells/mm 3, the immune response elicited by mRNA additional vaccine dose is reduced.