Multiscale Understanding of Covalently Fixed Sulfur–Polyacrylonitrile Composite as Advanced Cathode for Metal–Sulfur Batteries. Issue 21 (8th August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ahmed, Mohammad Shamsuddin; Lee, Suyeong; Agostini, Marco; Jeong, Min‐Gi; Jung, Hun‐Gi; Ming, Jun; Sun, Yang‐Kook; Kim, Jaekook; Hwang, Jang‐Yeon
• Is Part Of: Advanced science. Volume 8:Issue 21(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-08-08
• Subjects: chemical structure -- metal–sulfur batteries -- sulfurized polyacrylonitrile -- universal cathodes; Science -- Periodicals; 505
• DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101123
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2198-3844

Abstract

Abstract: Metal–sulfur batteries (MSBs) provide high specific capacity due to the reversible redox mechanism based on conversion reaction that makes this battery a more promising candidate for next‐generation energy storage systems. Recently, along with elemental sulfur (S8 ), sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN), in which active sulfur moieties are covalently bounded to carbon backbone, has received significant attention as an electrode material. Importantly, SPAN can serve as a universal cathode with minimized metal–polysulfide dissolution because sulfur is immobilized through covalent bonding at the carbon backbone. Considering these unique structural features, SPAN represents a new approach beyond elemental S8 for MSBs. However, the development of SPAN electrodes is in its infancy stage compared to conventional S8 cathodes because several issues such as chemical structure, attached sulfur chain lengths, and over‐capacity in the first cycle remain unresolved. In addition, physical, chemical, or specific treatments are required for tuning intrinsic properties such as sulfur loading, porosity, and conductivity, which have a pivotal role in improving battery performance. This review discusses the fundamental and technological discussions on SPAN synthesis, physicochemical properties, and electrochemical performance in MSBs. Further, the essential guidance will provide research directions on SPAN electrodes for potential and industrial applications of MSBs. Abstract : Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN), as a universal sulfur cathode, in which active sulfur moieties are bound to a carbon backbone that can allow all sulfur atoms to become electrochemically active in metal–sulfur batteries. This review covers the key technological developments for the synthesis, physicochemical properties, and electrochemical performances of SPAN.