Short chain fatty acids increase fat oxidation and promote browning through β3-adrenergic receptor/AMP-activated protein kinase α signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Wenkai; Kong, Li; Zhong, Zhen; Lin, Lezhen; Li, Jingen; Zheng, Guodong
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 103(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-04
• Subjects: SCFAs -- 3T3-L1 adipocytes -- Fat metabolism -- Browning -- β3-AR/AMPKα signaling pathway; SCFAs short chain fatty acids -- SA sodium acetate -- SP sodium propionate -- SB sodium butyrate -- SI sodium isobutyrate -- SV sodium valerate -- SH sodium hexanoate -- BAT brown adipose tissue -- WAT white adipose tissue -- FBS Fetal Bovine Serum -- CS calf serum -- CPT1α carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 alpha -- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium -- GAPDH glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase -- IBMX 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine -- PBS phosphate-buffered saline -- PKA protein kinase A -- RT-PCR Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction -- SD standard deviation -- SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate -- TG triglyceride -- PGC-1α peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha -- PRDM16 PR domain containing 16 -- UCP-1 uncoupling protein-1 -- AMPKα AMP-activated protein kinase alpha -- PPARα peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha -- Tmem26 gene encoding transmembrane protein 26 -- Tfam mitochondrial transcription factor A -- Nrf1 Nuclear respiratory factor 1 -- FA Fatty acids -- ACOX1 Acyl-CoA Oxidase 1 -- Tbx1 T-Box Transcription Factor 1 -- Cited1 Cbp/P300 Interacting Transactivator With Glu/Asp Rich Carboxy-Terminal Domain 1; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105488
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: SCFAs regulate the expression of fatty acid oxidation to reduce lipid accumulation. SCFAs affect the biogenesis and quantity of mitochondria to promote thermogenesis. SCFAs up-regulate brown/beige specific markers to inhibit lipid deposition. SCFAs promote brown/beige adipocyte-like phenotype by β3-AR/AMPKα signaling pathway. Abstract: To investigate the molecular mechanism of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and browning in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. SCFAs significantly reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, via increasing the expression of Tfam and Nrf1, SCFAs enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis. According to the results of qPCR analysis, the expression levels of fatty acid β-oxidation genes ( PPARα, CPT1α, ACOX1 ) were up-regulated by SCFAs. Moreover, SCFAs treatment increased the genes and proteins expression of brown adipocyte-specific factors such as PRDM16, PGC-1α, and UCP-1, as well as up-regulated the genes expression of beige adipocytes markers ( Tmem26, Tbx1, CD137, and Cited1) . Furthermore, the effects of β3-AR and AMPK antagonist were reversed by SCFAs. In conclusion, SCFAs promote fat β-oxidation and browning of adipocytes through β3-AR/AMPKα signaling pathway, thereby reducing fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Therefore, SCFAs may be a helpful supplement to combat obesity.