A quantitative study of the micromotion of a P-band superfluid in a shaking lattice. (14th May 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Jingxin; Liao, Ren; Zhao, Pengju; Hu, Zhongshu; Wang, Zhongkai; Liu, Xiong-Jun; Zhou, Xiaoji; Chen, Xuzong
• Is Part Of: Journal of physics. Volume 56:Number 9(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-05-14
• Subjects: micromotion -- time-of-flight -- P-band superfluid -- shaking lattice; Atoms -- Periodicals; Molecules -- Periodicals; Optics -- Periodicals; Nuclear physics -- Periodicals; 539.6
• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6455/acc4f9
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0953-4075

Abstract

Abstract: The time-of-flight (TOF) momentum distribution of the micromotion of a P-band superfluid is investigated in a frequency-modulated optical lattice. Besides the P-band atoms converted from the S-band atoms, we find a small fraction of atoms are transferred to the D-band which can be revealed by the band mapping images. A π / 2 phase lag can also be observed between the two satellite peaks of the D-band atoms and the two main peaks of the P-band superfluid in the oscillating TOF momentum distribution. Meanwhile, by deriving a fitting function for the TOF momentum distribution of the P-band superfluid, we find a large portion of atoms are actually thermalized due to lattice shaking. Based on this result, we introduced a generalized fitting function for the TOF momentum distribution at different time in a shaking cycle. Such a fitting function can roughly fit the experimentally observed oscillating momentum distribution and explain the micromotion of such a P-band superfluid. Thus, our results may deepen the understanding of the micromotion of the P-band superfluid in a frequency-modulated optical lattice.