The Relationship between Patient-Centered Care and Outcomes in Specialist Drug and Alcohol Treatment: A Systematic Literature Review. Issue 2 (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Davis, Esther L.; Kelly, Peter J.; Deane, Frank P.; Baker, Amanda L.; Buckingham, Mark; Degan, Tayla; Adams, Sarah
• Is Part Of: Substance abuse. Volume 41:Issue 2(2020)
• Page Start: 216
• Page End: 231
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: Patient-centered care -- satisfaction -- patient-reported experience -- substance use -- systematic review; Substance abuse -- Periodicals; Medical education -- Periodicals; Education, Medical -- periodicals; Substance Abuse -- periodicals; 362.29
• DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2019.1671940
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0889-7077

Abstract

Background: Patient-centered care is strongly advocated as a key for improving the quality of healthcare. Research examining the impact of patient-centered care in healthcare has concluded that there are demonstrable albeit inconsistent relationships between patient experience, quality of care, and healthcare outcomes. Knowledge of the impact of patient-centered care in the treatment of substance use disorder is limited. The aim of this review was to assess relationships between indicators of patient-centered care (satisfaction and patient-reported experience measures) and patient outcomes (substance use, psychological wellbeing, and service use) among people attending treatment for substance use disorder. Methods: A systematic electronic literature search of a range of databases was conducted with variations of the search terms 'patient-centered care', 'substance use disorders', and residential or community specialist 'treatment'. The populations, interventions and outcomes were summarized and described according to the PRISMA statement. Results: A total of 25 articles were identified, of which only five included a patient-centered indicator other than satisfaction. Indicators of patient-centered care showed a generally positive association with improved outcomes, particularly between satisfaction with treatment and substance use. Nonetheless, mixed and contradictory results were not uncommon, more so for psychological wellbeing outcomes. Conclusions: There were demonstrable relationships between patient-centered indicators and outcomes for people receiving treatment for substance use disorder. However, conclusions are limited due to underrepresentation of patient-reported experience measures. Further research in the area is needed involving comparisons of patient centered indicators with outcomes and use of patient-reported experience measures together with satisfaction. Registration number: CRD42018092829