Immune Responses after a Third Dose of mRNA Vaccine Differ in Virus-Naive versus SARS-CoV-2– Recovered Dialysis Patients. Issue 7 (July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Attias, Philippe; Azzaoui, Imane; El Karoui, Khalil; de La Selle, Andréa; Sokal, Aurélien; Chappert, Pascal; Grimbert, Philippe; Fernandez, Ignacio; Bouvier, Magali; Samson, Chloé; Dahmane, Djamal; Rieu, Philippe; Nizard, Patrice; Fourati, Slim; Sakhi, Hamza; Mahévas, Matthieu
• Other Names: author non-byline.; Audard Vincent author non-byline.; Bentaarit Boutheina author non-byline.; Boueilh Anna author non-byline.; Gallien Sébastien author non-byline.; Grimbert Philippe author non-byline.; Hue Sophie author non-byline.; Joher Nizar author non-byline.; Jouan Narindra author non-byline.; Lamriben Larbi author non-byline.; Lelièvre Jean-Daniel author non-byline.; Lepeule Raphaël author non-byline.; Mahévas Matthieu author non-byline.; Matignon Marie author non-byline.; Melica Giovanna author non-byline.; Oniszczuk Julie author non-byline.; Pawlotsky Jean-Michel author non-byline.; Stehlé Thomas author non-byline.; Vindrios William author non-byline.; Wemmert Charlotte author non-byline.
• Is Part Of: Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology. Volume 17:Issue 7(2022)
• Page Start: 1008
• Page End: 1016
• Publication Date: 2022-07
• Subjects: dialysis -- immunology -- mRNA vaccine -- SARS-CoV-2 -- COVID-19 -- memory B cells
• DOI: 10.2215/CJN.00830122
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1555-9041

Abstract

Visual Abstract: Abstract : Background and objectives: After two doses of mRNA vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), patients on dialysis show a defective humoral response, but a third dose could increase anti–SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers. Responses could be different in virus-naive and SARS-CoV-2–recovered patients on dialysis. However, characterization of memory B cell response after three doses is lacking. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: We evaluated the dynamics of antireceptor binding domain IgG titers and antireceptor binding domain memory B cells until 6 months after two and three doses (administered within 6 months after the second dose) of mRNA vaccine in SARS-CoV-2–recovered and virus-naive dialysis populations. Results were analyzed by ordinary one-way ANOVA, the Kruskal–Wallis test, or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test as appropriate. Results: In total, 108 individuals (59 patients on dialysis and 49 controls) were included. In virus-naive patients on dialysis, antireceptor binding domain IgG response was quantitatively lower after two doses compared with healthy controls, but IgG titers increased by three-fold after three doses ( P =0.008). In SARS-CoV-2–recovered patients on dialysis, antireceptor binding domain IgG titers after two doses were significantly higher compared with virus-naive patients on dialysis but did not significantly increase after a third dose. Regarding memory B cell response, we detected receptor binding domain–specific memory B cells at similar proportions in virus-naive patients on dialysis and vaccinated controls after two doses. Moreover, a strong receptor binding domain–specific memory B cell expansion was observed after the third dose in virus-naive patients on dialysis (5.5-fold; P <0.001). However, in SARS-CoV-2–recovered patients on dialysis, antireceptor binding domain memory B cells remained unchanged after the third dose. Conclusions: The third dose of mRNA vaccine given within 6 months after the second dose boosts serologic and memory response in virus-naive patients but not in SARS-CoV-2–recovered patients on dialysis. Clinical Trial registry name and registration number: COVID-19: SARS-CoV-2 Specific Memory B and T-CD4+ Cells (MEMO-COV2), NCT04402892