Challenges and strategies of formulating low‐temperature electrolytes in lithium‐ion batteries. Issue 2 (20th March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Qin, Mingsheng; Zeng, Ziqi; Cheng, Shijie; Xie, Jia
• Is Part Of: Interdisciplinary materials. Volume 2:Issue 2(2023)
• Page Start: 308
• Page End: 336
• Publication Date: 2023-03-20
• Subjects: electrolyte -- lithium‐ion batteries -- low temperatures -- solvation structures; Materials science; Science; Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12077
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2767-4401

Abstract

Abstract: Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have monopolized energy storage markets in modern society. The reliable operation of LIBs at cold condition (<0°C), nevertheless, is inevitably hampered by the sluggish kinetics and parasite reactions, which falls behind the increasing demands for portable electronics and electric vehicles. The electrolyte controls both Li + transport and interfacial reaction, dictating the low‐temperature performance substantially. Therefore, the rational formulation of electrolytes is significant for realizing superior low‐temperature performance and broadening application niches of LIBs. Herein, we first discuss the kinetic limitations of low‐temperature LIBs, highlighting the importance of electrolyte structure and interfacial chemistry. Then, the advancements for formulating subzero‐temperature electrolyte are summarized with in‐depth discussions about electrolyte formulation, solvation structure, interfacial chemistry, and low‐temperature behaviors. Moreover, some opportunities for lithium metal batteries and the corresponding low‐temperature electrolyte are covered. Finally, the major challenges and future perspectives are outlined for low‐temperature LIBs. Abstract : Low‐temperature electrolytes applied in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are systematically evaluated in this review, with a special focus on electrolyte formulation, electrolyte structure, electrolyte chemistry, interfacial reactions, and electrochemical behaviors. The challenges and advancements for low‐temperature electrolytes are discussed in detail, aiming to expand the application scenarios of LIBs in cold environments.