Amino acid restriction increases β‐cell death under challenging conditions. Issue 10 (27th February 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mateus Gonçalves, Luciana; Vettorazzi, Jean Franciesco; Vanzela, Emerielle Cristine; Figueiredo, Mariana Sarto; Batista, Thiago Martins; Zoppi, Claudio Cesar; Boschero, Antonio Carlos; Carneiro, Everardo Magalhães
• Is Part Of: Journal of cellular physiology. Volume 234:Issue 10(2019:Oct.)
• Page Start: 16679
• Page End: 16684
• Publication Date: 2019-02-27
• Subjects: amino acid restriction -- apoptosis -- insulin secretion -- islets -- β cell; Physiology -- Periodicals; Cell physiology -- Periodicals; 571.6
• DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28389
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0021-9541

Abstract

Abstract: Malnutrition programs metabolism, favor dysfunction of β cells. We aimed to establish an in vitro protocol of malnutrition, assessing the effect of amino acid restriction upon the β cells. Insulin‐producing cells INS‐1E and pancreatic islets were maintained in RPMI 1640 medium containing 1× (Ctl) or 0.25× (AaR) of amino acids. We evaluated several markers of β‐cell function and viability. AaR Insulin secretion was reduced, whereas cell viability was unaltered. Calcium oscillations in response to glucose increased in AaR. AaR showed lower Ins1 RNAm, snap 25, and PKC (protein kinase C) protein content, whereas phospho‐eIF2α was increased. AaR cells exposed to nutrient or chemical challenges displayed higher apoptosis rates. We showed that amino acid restriction programmed β cell and induced functional changes. This model might be useful for the study of molecular mechanisms involved with β‐cell programming helping to establish novel therapeutic targets to prevent harmful outcomes of malnutrition. Abstract : We showed that amino acid restriction reprogrammed β cells and made them more susceptible to apoptosis. This model is useful for the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in β‐cell reprogramming and for the development of novel therapeutic targets to prevent the harmful outcomes of malnutrition.