Identification of the antibacterial action mechanism of curcumin on Streptococcus mutans through transcriptome profiling. (May 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ke, Li; Wang, Jiajun; Liu, Yanhua; Sun, Zhongyi; Li, Yirong; Xiao, Xiao
• Is Part Of: Archives of oral biology. Volume 149(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-05
• Subjects: Streptococcus mutans -- Biofilm -- Curcumin -- Dental caries; S. mutans Streptococcus mutans -- DEGs differentially expressed genes -- BHI brain heart infusion -- BHIS brain heart infusion with 1% sucrose -- CFU colony-forming units -- PBS phosphate-buffered saline -- MIC minimum inhibitory concentration -- MBC minimum bactericidal concentration -- KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes -- GO gene ontology -- qRT-PCR real-time quantitative PCR -- EPS extracellular polysaccharide -- CO2 carbon dioxide -- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide -- S.D standard deviation -- PCA principal component analysis -- H₂O₂ hydrogen peroxide -- eDNA extracellular DNA; Mouth -- Periodicals; Mouth -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Dentistry -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 617.6005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105655
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0003-9969

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism responsible for how curcumin affects the biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ). Design: The antibacterial activity of curcumin was evaluated by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The mass of the biofilm was measured by crystal violet staining. Transcriptome sequencing was used to obtain all the transcript information associated with the biological activity of curcumin-treated S. mutans . Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to examine the expression levels of related biofilm formation genes. Results: The MIC value for curcumin was 64 μM. Curcumin inhibited the formation of a biofilm by S. mutans and degraded mature biofilms. A gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly relevant to biofilm formation. In addition, 17 significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways ( p ≤ 0.01) were identified and were potentially associated with the biochemical metabolic processes of S. mutans . DEGs associated with the biofilm formation of S. mutants, including gtfB, gtfC, rgpG, spaP, spxA1, spxA2, bacA, lrgB, and gshAB. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with transcriptome sequencing that the expression levels of gtfB, gtfC, rgpG, and spaP significantly decreased in the curcumin-treated group, whereas the expression levels of spx1, spx2, bacA, lrgB, and gshAB were up-regulated. Conclusions: Curcumin showed marked inhibitory effects against the formation of biofilms by S. mutans and degradation of formed biofilms. Highlights: Curcumin inhibited the formation of biofilms. Curcumin destructed already formed biofilms of Streptococcus mutans . Curcumin has the potential to be developed to treat caries.