®Optimization of the Hydrolysis Reaction Process in the Synthesis of 4‐Aminoantipyrine by Response Surface Methodology and its Kinetics. Issue 10 (7th March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Fuyue; Zhou, Haoyu; Yuan, Jinqiu; Li, Qinghui; Diao, Yanwei; Sun, Xiaoyan; Zhang, Liangjie; Lin, Yuhang; Du, Lei
• Is Part Of: ChemistrySelect. Volume 8:Issue 10(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2023-03-07
• Subjects: 4-Aminoantipyrine -- Electrophilic substitution -- Hydrolysis -- Kinetic -- Response surface methodology; Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540.5
• DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203492
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2365-6549

Abstract

Abstract: In this paper, a unique hydrolysis reaction process for the production of 4‐Aminoantipyrine (AA) is investigated. A liquid‐phase analytical method for AA is established, and the amount of sulfuric acid, reaction temperature, reaction time are studied. On the basis of single factor experiments, the response surface method (RSM) is used to systematically optimize the conditions of the hydrolysis reaction. The optimum conditions are n(AT‐SO4 ): n(H2 SO4 )=0.73, the reaction temperature is 98 °C, the reaction time is 91 min, and the AA yield reaches 90.80 %. Compared with the previous process, the yield of AA is improved and colloids are significantly reduced. Under optimum process conditions, a kinetic model is constructed in the range of 358 K–373 K, which activation energy, Ea =33.21 kJ/mol, and the pre‐exponential factor, A=1586.84. In addition, the product AA is characterized by IR analysis, LC‐MS analysis, GC‐MS analysis and hydrolysis reaction mechanism are investigated. Abstract : Modern plants for the production of 4‐aminoantipyrine (AA) have numerous problems. Non‐optimality of process conditions causes waste of raw materials and inefficiency, while ambiguity of process conditions increases the risk of the system. More importantly, the severe lack of understanding of the reaction process mechanism increases the hazards in the production process. The unique hydrolysis process of 4‐aminoantipyrine (AA) is studied. On the basis of single factor experiment, the hydrolysis reaction conditions are systematically optimized by response surface methodology. Response surface experiment method studies the interaction between different factors, which makes up for the deficiency of single factor experiment that only studies single factor on process parameters. This is necessary to guide the industrial safety production of AA and obtain AA products with high purity and high yield. The hydrolysis reaction kinetics is analyzed under the optimum conditions, and the kinetic parameters such as pre‐exponential factor (A) and activation energy (Ea) are obtained. The study of reaction kinetics provides basic data for reactor design. Based on IR analysis, GC‐MS analysis and LC‐MS analysis, the mechanism of hydrolysis reaction is discussed. The analysis of reaction mechanism displays that 4‐aminoantipyrine sulfonate undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction with water, in which sulfuric acid is used as catalyst and H+ is used as electrophilic reagent.