An Update on Vitamin D Deficiency in the twenty-first century: nature and nurture. Issue 1 (February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Stoffers, Ashley J.; Weber, David R.; Levine, Michael A.
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes and obesity. Volume 29:Issue 1(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02
• Subjects: 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D -- 25-hydroxyvitamin D -- paediatrics -- rickets -- vitamin D -- vitamin D receptor; Endocrinology -- Periodicals; Diabetes -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Diabetes Mellitus -- Periodicals; Endocrine System Diseases -- Periodicals; Endocrine Glands -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Endocrinologie -- Périodiques; Diabète -- Périodiques; Obésité -- Périodiques; Diabetes; Endocrinology; Obesity; Periodicals; 616.4
• DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000691
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1752-296X

Abstract

Abstract : Purpose of review: Here, we review the most up-to-date understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficient rickets in children. This will include recent advances in the genetic determinants of abnormal vitamin D metabolism, with the intention of aiding clinicians with establishing the diagnosis and implementing treatment plans for children presenting with vitamin D deficiency rickets. Recent findings: Vitamin D deficiency rickets is a frequently encountered, but entirely preventable, disorder of bone mineral metabolism. Risk factors for developing vitamin D deficiency rickets include inadequate exposure to sunlight, exclusive breast feeding without vitamin D supplementation and inadequate intake of vitamin D, calcium or phosphorus. Other factors that may influence the development of vitamin D deficiency and/or rickets include genetic alterations or medications that alter vitamin D metabolism. Summary: Vitamin D levels in individuals are influenced by environmental factors, as well as genetic factors. A thorough understanding of these factors is critical for the evaluation and treatment of a child presenting with rickets. There remains a great need for additional research to determine ideal vitamin D status across diverse populations, and to better understand how vitamin D status affects overall health.