Acute Delta Hepatitis in Italy spanning three decades (1991–2019): Evidence for the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination campaign. Issue 1 (7th October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Stroffolini, Tommaso; Morisco, Filomena; Ferrigno, Luigina; Pontillo, Giuseppina; Iantosca, Giuseppina; Cossiga, Valentina; Crateri, Simonetta; Tosti, Maria Elena
• Other Names: Alfonsi Valeria investigator.; D'Angelo Franca investigator.; Zotti Carla investigator.; Rainero Erika investigator.; Marengo Noemi investigator.; Malaspina Silvana investigator.; Gallone Angela investigator.; Castella Annalisa investigator.; Galati Maria Teresa investigator.; Scala Annamaria investigator.; Castagna Paolo investigator.; Silano Virginia investigator.; D'Agosta Sebastiano investigator.; Tacca Maria Grazia investigator.; Iodice Silvia investigator.; Corvi Vilma investigator.; Oddone Maurizio investigator.; Rivetti Daniela investigator.; Ravaschietto Paola investigator.; Giovanetti Franco investigator.; Cappello Teresa investigator.; Smaniotto Alessandro investigator.; Ruffier Mario investigator.; Verardo Marina investigator.; Gramegna Maria investigator.; Senatore Sabrina investigator.; Cereda Danilo investigator.; Donadini Annalisa investigator.; Nespoli Carla investigator.; Trezzi Livia investigator.; Gennati Giorgio investigator.; Monteverdi Angelo investigator.; Boldori Liana investigator.; Paolo Tortorella Franco investigator.; Merlini Paola Elvira investigator.; Caterina Davide Di investigator.; Faccini Marino investigator.; Lamberti Anna investigator.; Rossetti Eva investigator.; Brugnoli Rita investigator.; Mainardi Giulia investigator.; Vezzoli Alessandra investigator.; Caso Daniela investigator.; Testa Milena investigator.; Erba Alice investigator.; Senegaglia Paola investigator.; Spagna Annamaria investigator.; Lodola Silvia investigator.; Tirani Marcello investigator.; Giompapa Enza investigator.; Roveri Luigi Guido investigator.; Guardigli Gabriele investigator.; Scalvinoni Vanna investigator.; Spertini Silvia investigator.; Gamper Sabine investigator.; Grünfelder Andrea investigator.; Ploner Barbara investigator.; Runggatscher Verena investigator.; Molinaro Silvia investigator.; Zuccali Maria Grazia investigator.; Franchini Silvia investigator.; Russo Francesca investigator.; Zanella Francesca investigator.; Rizzato Donatella investigator.; Carpene Graziella investigator.; Lamonato Nadia investigator.; Destefani Emanuela investigator.; Dal Zotto Alessandra investigator.; Dal Zotto Rita investigator.; Casagrande Paola investigator.; Foglia Felice investigator.; Zorzi Gemma investigator.; Chermaz Ester investigator.; Gava Liana investigator.; Nicolardi Luigi investigator.; Pavanetto Lorena investigator.; Battiston Cecilia investigator.; De Grandi Francesco investigator.; Rizzato Laura investigator.; Tonon Michele investigator.; Cannizzo Elisabetta investigator.; Foroni Maurizio investigator.; Colucci Laura investigator.; Barbieri Monica investigator.; Ledri Rosanna investigator.; Gallo Tolinda investigator.; Rocco Giulio investigator.; Stacul Rossana investigator.; Breda Ariella investigator.; Iob Andrea investigator.; Micossi Simonetta investigator.; Feltrin Oriana investigator.; Caernelos Giuseppina investigator.; Mela Marco investigator.; Frumento Virna investigator.; Opisso Anna investigator.; Cuccu Alessandro investigator.; Zoppi Giorgio investigator.; Torracca Patrizia investigator.; Capellini Armanda investigator.; Maddalo Francesco investigator.; Mattei Giovanna investigator.; Gualanduzzi Claudio investigator.; Massimiliani Erika investigator.; Sacchi Anna Rita investigator.; Gardenghi Laura investigator.; Gianninoni Anna Rosa investigator.; Donne Elena Dalle investigator.; Rangoni Roberto investigator.; Califano Annalisa investigator.; Reali Chiara investigator.; Biguzzi Emilia investigator.; Bondi Barbara investigator.; Pecci Anna investigator.; Borrini Bianca Maria investigator.; Pecori Lucia investigator.; Balocchini Emanuela investigator.; Pierozzi Costanza investigator.; Luzzoli Rosa investigator.; Marchini Paola investigator.; Lucchesi Lara investigator.; Tomasi Alberto investigator.; Raso Elisabetta investigator.; Olimpi Nadia investigator.; Berti Cristiana investigator.; Matarazzo Francesca investigator.; Galletti Nicoletta investigator.; Puppa Laura investigator.; Frasca Marinella investigator.; Barbieri Alessandro investigator.; Cinughi Chiara investigator.; Bandini Maria investigator.; Lezzi Iorio investigator.; Verdelli Fabrizia investigator.; Paradisi Renzo investigator.; Bindi Rita investigator.; Sansone Cinzia Monica investigator.; Rosati Maria investigator.; Zacchini Federica investigator.; Baretti Simonetta investigator.; Cecconi Rossella investigator.; Staderini Chiara investigator.; Filidei Poalo investigator.; Alfaroli Elisabetta investigator.; Barghini Franco investigator.; Cadoni Marina investigator.; Tosti Anna investigator.; G Giovannini investigator.; Piattellini Giovanni investigator.; Buscosi Alessandra investigator.; Pasquale Anna investigator.; Ciani Carla investigator.; Paoloni Maria Claudia investigator.; Santocchia Franco investigator.; Proietti Maria Laura investigator.; Fiacchini Daniel investigator.; Hazurovic Dzenana investigator.; Giamprini Maria Sole investigator.; Gatti Katia investigator.; Van Will Jacqueline investigator.; Vaccaro Alfredo investigator.; Sbarbati Maria Margherita investigator.; Amelio Alessandra investigator.; Cimini Daniela investigator.; Moroni Vania investigator.; Francoletti Daniela investigator.; Scaccia Federica investigator.; Branchesi Elisabetta investigator.; Saracino Selena investigator.; Mezzanotte Catia investigator.; Cimica Susanna investigator.; Vitale Vita investigator.; Laici Franca investigator.; Petrelli Irene investigator.; Airini Barbara investigator.; Passarini Gabriella investigator.; Ruffini Lucia investigator.; Lambertucci Anna Maria investigator.; Mogetta Annarita investigator.; Cioccoloni Francesca investigator.; Ciarrocchi Giuseppe investigator.; Pistolesi Marina investigator.; Fratello Erika investigator.; Picciotti Francesca investigator.; Angelini Claudio investigator.; Scognamiglio Paola investigator.; Vairo Francesco investigator.; Ercole Andreina investigator.; Maglietta Antonio Salvatore investigator.; Magrelli Fabrizio investigator.; Perrelli Fabrizio investigator.; Cerocchi Carlo investigator.; Grillo Paolo investigator.; Vazzoler Cristina investigator.; Loffredo Maria Rosaria investigator.; Pendenza Alessio investigator.; Nappi Maria Rosaria investigator.; Bueti Paola investigator.; Santucci Luigi investigator.; Mangiagli Franca investigator.; Varrenti Donatella investigator.; Aquilani Silvia investigator.; Dionette Pietro investigator.; Corpolongo Daniela investigator.; Di Luzio Giuseppe investigator.; Di Giacomo Manuela investigator.; Giansanti Enrico investigator.; Mancini Cristiana investigator.; Turchi Claudio investigator.; Granchelli Carla investigator.; Soldato Graziella investigator.; D'Eugenio Felesina investigator.; Albanesi Ida investigator.; Ferrara Maria Antonietta investigator.; Citarella Annarita investigator.; Fossi Elena investigator.; Alfieri Rosa investigator.; Scotto Milena investigator.; Caiazzo Anna Luisa investigator.; Prato Rosa investigator.; Chironna Maria investigator.; Martinelli Domenico investigator.; Fortunato Francesca investigator.; Cappelli Maria Giovanna investigator.; Loconsole Daniela investigator.; Morea Anna investigator.; Del Matto Giulia investigator.; Angelillis Raffaele investigator.; Antonazzo Marcello investigator.; Aprile Valerio investigator.; Avella Grazia Maria investigator.; Cambria Roberta investigator.; Caputi Giovanni investigator.; Cipriani Rosati investigator.; De Santis Carlo investigator.; Desiante Francesco investigator.; Ferraro Marisa investigator.; Laforgia Vera investigator.; Madaro Antonino investigator.; Maluccio Maria Giuseppina investigator.; Matera Anna Maria investigator.; Menolascina Stefania investigator.; Moffa Giuseppina investigator.; Nesta Maria investigator.; Olivieri Rita investigator.; Pagone Onofrio investigator.; Pedote Pasquale investigator.; Squicciarini Rosella investigator.; Termite Stefano investigator.; Vitale Viviana investigator.; Negrone Francesco investigator.; Maldini Manuela investigator.; Laugello Giovanni investigator.; Russo Teresa investigator.; Mignuoli Anna Domenica investigator.; Afflitto Giuseppe investigator.; Caroleo Benedetto investigator.; Montesanti Maria investigator.; De Giorgio Vincenzo investigator.; Maradei Antonio investigator.; Romeo Rocco Cataldo investigator.; Scrivano Francesca investigator.; Lazzarino Elisa investigator.; Surace Vittoria investigator.; Giordano Antonella investigator.; Bisbano Alessandro investigator.; Arcuri Anita investigator.; Valentini Ida investigator.; Mangione Rossana investigator.; Meli Valentina investigator.; Cuccia Mario investigator.; Longhitano Elena investigator.; Delogu Fiorenzo investigator.; Fracasso Donatella investigator.; Marceddu Maria Vittoria investigator.; Puggioni Antonina investigator.; Marras Maria Valentina Eugenua investigator.; Serpi Rita investigator.; Santus Simonetta investigator.; Marras Valentina investigator.;
• Is Part Of: Journal of viral hepatitis. Volume 29:Issue 1(2022)
• Page Start: 78
• Page End: 86
• Publication Date: 2021-10-07
• Subjects: epidemiology -- hepatitis B vaccination -- hepatitis delta -- surveillance; Hepatitis, Viral -- Periodicals; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; 616.3623
• DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13620
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1352-0504

Abstract

Abstract: Updated incidence data of acute Delta virus hepatitis (HDV) are lacking worldwide. Our aim was to evaluate incidence of and risk factors for acute HDV in Italy after the introduction of the compulsory vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 1991. Data were obtained from the National Surveillance System of acute viral hepatitis (SEIEVA). Independent predictors of HDV were assessed by logistic‐regression analysis. The incidence of acute HDV per 1‐million population declined from 3.2 cases in 1987 to 0.04 in 2019, parallel to that of acute HBV per 100, 000 from 10.0 to 0.39 cases during the same period. The median age of cases increased from 27 years in the decade 1991–1999 to 44 years in the decade 2010–2019 ( p < .001). Over the same period, the male/female ratio decreased from 3.8 to 2.1, the proportion of coinfections increased from 55% to 75% ( p = .003) and that of HBsAg positive acute hepatitis tested for by IgM anti‐HDV linearly decreased from 50.1% to 34.1% ( p < .001). People born abroad accounted for 24.6% of cases in 2004–2010 and 32.1% in 2011–2019. In the period 2010–2019, risky sexual behaviour (O.R. 4.2; 95%CI: 1.4–12.8) was the sole independent predictor of acute HDV; conversely intravenous drug use was no longer associated (O.R. 1.25; 95%CI: 0.15–10.22) with this. In conclusion, HBV vaccination was an effective measure to control acute HDV. Intravenous drug use is no longer an efficient mode of HDV spread. Testing for IgM‐anti HDV is a grey area requiring alert. Acute HDV in foreigners should be monitored in the years to come.