Epileptic discharges initiate from brain areas with elevated accumulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors. Issue 2 (7th February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Miyazaki, Tomoyuki; Takayama, Yutaro; Iwasaki, Masaki; Hatano, Mai; Nakajima, Waki; Ikegaya, Naoki; Yamamoto, Tetsuya; Tsuchimoto, Shohei; Kato, Hiroki; Takahashi, Takuya
• Is Part Of: Brain communications. Volume 4:Issue 2(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02-07
• Subjects: AMPA receptor -- positron emission tomography -- magnetoencephalography -- intracranial electroencephalogram -- equivalent current dipole; 616
• DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac023
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2632-1297

Abstract

Abstract: Presurgical identification of the epileptogenic zone is a critical determinant of seizure control following surgical resection in epilepsy. Excitatory glutamate α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor is a major component of neurotransmission. Although elevated α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor levels are observed in surgically resected brain areas of patients with epilepsy, it remains unclear whether increased α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor-mediated currents initiate epileptic discharges. We have recently developed the first PET tracer for α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor, [ 11 C]K-2, to visualize and quantify the density of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors in living human brains. Here, we detected elevated [ 11 C]K-2 uptake in the epileptogenic temporal lobe of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain areas with high [ 11 C]K-2 uptake are closely colocalized with the location of equivalent current dipoles estimated by magnetoencephalography or with seizure onset zones detected by intracranial electroencephalogram. These results suggest that epileptic discharges initiate from brain areas with increased α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors, providing a biological basis for epileptic discharges and an additional non-invasive option to identify the epileptogenic zone in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Abstract : Miyazaki et al . report that high [ 11 C]K-2 uptake is observed closely to the location of equivalent current dipoles estimated by magnetoencephalography or seizure onset zones detected by intracranial EEG. These results suggest that epileptic discharges initiate from brain areas with increased AMPA receptors in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Graphical Abstract: