Design of the PMT underwater cascade implosion protection system for JUNO. (14th February 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: He, Miao; Qin, Zhonghua; Hou, Shaojing; Jing, Xiaoping; Liu, Hongbang; Ke, Zunjian; Wu, Diru; Xie, Wan; Xu, Meihang; Chen, Fang; Lu, Junguang; Heng, Yuekun; Zhang, Jiawen; Ma, Xiaoyan; Du, Zhipeng
• Is Part Of: Journal of instrumentation. Volume 18:Number 2(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-02-14
• Subjects: Detector design and construction technologies and materials -- Neutrino detectors -- Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics -- Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (vacuum); Scientific apparatus and instruments -- Periodicals; 502.84
• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/02/P02013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1748-0221

Abstract

Abstract: Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are widely used underwater in large-scale neutrino experiments. As a hollow glass spherelike structure, implosion is unavoidable during long-term operation under large water pressure. There is a possibility of cascade implosion to neighbor PMTs due to shockwave. Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory designed a protection structure for each 20-inch PMT, consisting of a top cover, a bottom cover, and their connection. This paper introduces the requirement and design of the PMT protection system, including the material selection, investigation of manufacture technology, and prototyping. Optimization and validation by simulation and underwater experiments are also presented.