Accommodating diverse ions in Prussian blue analogs frameworks for rechargeable batteries: The electrochemical redox reactions. (March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ma, Longtao; Cui, Huilin; Chen, Shengmei; Li, Xinliang; Dong, Binbin; Zhi, Chunyi
• Is Part Of: Nano energy. Volume 81(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-03
• Subjects: Prussian blue analogies -- Rechargeable batteries -- Redox reactions -- Active sites; Nanoscience -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanostructured materials -- Periodicals; Power resources -- Technological innovations -- Periodicals; Nanoscience; Nanostructured materials; Nanotechnology; Power resources -- Technological innovations; Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105632
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2211-2855

Abstract

Abstract: Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) that can host almost all ions having been used in and potentially utilized in batteries, have been proposed as electrode materials for the largest variety of rechargeable batteries including single-valent (Li +, Na +, K + ), multivalent (Zn 2+, Cu 2+, Fe 2+, Mg 2+, Ca 2+, Sr 2+, Ba 2+, Pd 2+, Al 3+, Y 3+ ) metal ion batteries and even non-metal charge carrier (H +, NH4 +, H3 O + ) batteries. On the other hand, PBAs with three-dimensional open framework can provide highly reversible insertion/removal of ions in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes. What is more, PBAs possess two active redox species for redox reactions during electrochemical charge/discharge process, potentially providing high specific capacity for batteries. However, in most cases, only one transition-metal specie is activated during charge/discharge process, together with existence of vacancies and coordinated/interstitial water molecular, leading to 50% lower electrochemical utilization of PBAs framework. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on electrochemical redox of PBAs hosting Li +, Na +, K +, Zn 2+, Cu 2+, Fe 2+, Mg 2+, Ca 2+, Sr 2+, Ba 2+, Pd 2+, Al 3+, Y 3+, H +, H3 O + and NH4 + ions for rechargeable batteries, including number of redox active species, structural evolutions, output voltage, capacity delivered and cyclic stability. We also analyze the strategies and progresses in overcoming issues associated with achieving high specific capacity, high output voltage and long cyclic lifespan of batteries based on PBAs cathodes. Finally, perspectives are provided on the design requirements for future generation of PBAs electrodes, with focus on synthetic strategies, structure design, electrolyte optimization and electrochemical principle towards large-scale electric application. Graphical Abstract: Prussian blue analogs that can host almost all ions having been used in and potentially utilized in rechargeable batteries including single-valent (Li +, Na +, K + ), multivalent (Zn 2+, Cu 2+, Fe 2+, Mg 2+, Ca 2+, Sr 2+, Ba 2+, Pd 2+, Al 3+, Y 3+ ) metal ion batteries and even non-metal charge carrier (H +, NH4 +, H3 O + ) batteries. We present a comprehensive overview on electrochemical redox of PBA for rechargeable batteries, including number of redox active species, structural evolutions, output voltage, capacity delivered and cyclic stability. ga1 Highlights: We summarized the electrochemistry principles of PBAs batteries, and active sites and inserted ions on electrochemistry. We reified the characteristics of PBAs with single- and/or two-active sites in designed electrolytes. We elaborated the strategies and processes for PBAs based batteries. We provided the perspectives on the design requirements for future generation of PBAs electrodes.