A systems biology approach to understand gut microbiota and host metabolism in morbid obesity: design of the BARIA Longitudinal Cohort Study. (29th September 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Van Olden, C. C.; Van de Laar, A. W.; Meijnikman, A. S.; Aydin, O.; Van Olst, N.; Hoozemans, J. B.; De Brauw, L. M.; Bruin, S. C.; Acherman, Y. I. Z.; Verheij, J.; Pyykkö, J. E.; Hagedoorn, M.; Sanderman, R.; Bosma, N. C.; Tremaroli, V.; Lundqvist, A.; Olofsson, L. E.; Herrema, H.; Lappa, D.; Hjorth, S.; Nielsen, J.; Schwartz, T.; Groen, A. K.; Nieuwdorp, M.; Bäckhed, F.; Gerdes, V. E. A.
• Is Part Of: Journal of internal medicine. Volume 289:Number 3(2021)
• Page Start: 340
• Page End: 354
• Publication Date: 2020-09-29
• Subjects: obesity -- bariatric surgery -- gut microbiota -- metabolites -- insulin resistance; Internal medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1111/joim.13157
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0954-6820

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Prevalence of obesity and associated diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are increasing. Underlying mechanisms, especially in humans, are unclear. Bariatric surgery provides the unique opportunity to obtain biopsies and portal vein blood‐samples. Methods: The BARIA Study aims to assess how microbiota and their metabolites affect transcription in key tissues and clinical outcome in obese subjects and how baseline anthropometric and metabolic characteristics determine weight loss and glucose homeostasis after bariatric surgery. We phenotype patients undergoing bariatric surgery (predominantly laparoscopic Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass), before weight loss, with biometrics, dietary and psychological questionnaires, mixed meal test (MMT) and collect fecal‐samples and intra‐operative biopsies from liver, adipose tissues and jejunum. We aim to include 1500 patients. A subset (approximately 25%) will undergo intra‐operative portal vein blood‐sampling. Fecal‐samples are analyzed with shotgun metagenomics and targeted metabolomics, fasted and postprandial plasma‐samples are subjected to metabolomics, and RNA is extracted from the tissues for RNAseq‐analyses. Data will be integrated using state‐of‐the‐art neuronal networks and metabolic modeling. Patient follow‐up will be ten years. Results: Preoperative MMT of 170 patients were analysed and clear differences were observed in glucose homeostasis between individuals. Repeated MMT in 10 patients showed satisfactory intra‐individual reproducibility, with differences in plasma glucose, insulin and triglycerides within 20% of the mean difference. Conclusion: The BARIA study can add more understanding in how gut‐microbiota affect metabolism, especially with regard to obesity, glucose metabolism and NAFLD. Identification of key factors may provide diagnostic and therapeutic leads to control the obesity‐associated disease epidemic. Abstract :