A case of severe thrombocytopenia after the first exposure to rifampicin. (2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nakane, Chinatsu; Nishimoto, Koji; Kishimoto, Ei; Suzuki, Kosuke; Nakagawa, Emiko; Morikawa, Moeko; Murakami, Yurina; Aoshima, Yoichiro; Matsushima, Sayomi; Harada, Masanori; Uto, Tomohiro; Imokawa, Shiro
• Is Part Of: Respiratory medicine case reports. Volume 42(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023
• Subjects: Thrombocytopenia -- Rifampicin -- Tuberculosis; Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Chest -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory Tract Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory System -- Periodicals; Chest -- Diseases; Respiratory organs -- Diseases; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2023.101823
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-0071

Abstract

Abstract: Severe immune thrombocytopenia is a rare side-effect of rifampicin (RFP) and can be life-threatening. Here, we report the case of a 74-year-old male with tuberculous pleurisy who developed severe thrombocytopenia after first exposure to RFP. Platelet count decreased to 1 × 10 3 /μL after 7 days of treatment with RFP, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. After all the drugs were discontinued, the platelet count recovered. As thrombocytopenia did not occur after re-administration of drugs other than RFP, the patient was diagnosed with RFP-induced thrombocytopenia. Clinicians should be aware that RFP can induce acute and severe thrombocytopenia even without previous exposure to this drug.