Fast logic and belief-bias: it's less how smart you are than how you think. Issue 2 (17th February 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Markovits, Henry
• Is Part Of: Journal of cognitive psychology. Volume 35:Issue 2(2023)
• Page Start: 248
• Page End: 254
• Publication Date: 2023-02-17
• Subjects: Dual strategy model -- dual process models -- belief-bias -- fast reasoning; Cognitive psychology -- Periodicals; 153.05
• DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2022.2153130
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2044-5911

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The Dual strategy model of reasoning, which distinguishes between Counterexample and Statistical strategies, predicts performance on a variety of forms of reasoning and judgment. At least part of the distinction between reasoning strategies has been shown to be attentional, suggesting that strategy use should be a strong predictor of the ability to reason logically under severe time constraint. Recent results have provided evidence that strategy use is a better predictor than IQ of the ability to make logically valid inferences with belief-biased syllogisms under severe time constraint. The following study extended this result to include other measures that correlate with reasoning ability, IQ, Cognitive Reflection Test and Acceptance of Open-minded Thinking. Results show that when given a very short time (5s), strategy use along with measures of CRT are strong predictors of logical reasoning, while IQ is not.