Synergistic effect of lung tumor‐associated dendritic cell‐derived HB‐EGF and CXCL5 on cancer progression. Issue 1 (8th January 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kuo, Po‐Lin; Huang, Ming‐Shyan; Hung, Jen‐Yu; Chou, Shah‐Hwa; Chiang, Shin‐Yi; Huang, Ya‐Fang; Yang, Chih‐Jen; Tsai, Ming‐Ju; Chang, Wei‐An; Hsu, Ya‐Ling
• Is Part Of: International journal of cancer. Volume 135:Issue 1(2014:Jul. 01)
• Page Start: 96
• Page End: 108
• Publication Date: 2014-01-08
• Subjects: lung cancer -- dendritic cells -- CXCL5 -- HB‐EGF -- cancer progression; Cancer -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Prevention -- Periodicals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28673
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0020-7136

Abstract

Abstract : The interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment is a paradoxical cycle that exacerbates cancer progression and results in metastasis. Our study investigated the mechanism underlying the synergistic enhancement of release of soluble factors from tumor‐associated dendritic cells and its effect on cancer development. The combination of HB‐EGF (heparin‐binding EGF‐like growth factor) and CXCL5 (CXCL5/epithelial neutrophil‐activating peptide‐78) produced a strong synergistic effect on cancer proliferation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion. CXCL5 not only potentiated the classical EGFR pathway and the AKT and ERK/RSK1/2 signaling pathways but also increased the phosphorylation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), which was slightly increased in A549 cells treated with either HB‐EGF or CXCL5 only. Phosphorylated HSP27 stabilized sustained AKT activity by direct interaction, leading to enhanced tumor spheroid formation. Knockdown of HSP27 by shRNA decreased HB‐EGF plus CXCL5‐mediated tumor spheroid formation in a three‐dimensional culture system, suggesting that AKT/HSP27 was required for HB‐EGF/CXCL5‐mediated cancer progression. Inhibiting RSK also reduces the modulation of c‐Fos phosphorylation, Snail upregulation and cell migration by HB‐EGF plus CXCL5, suggesting a synergistic effect of ERK/RSK and HB‐EGF plus CXCL5 on cell migration. In mice, CXCL5 antibody synergistically enhances the efficiency of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gefitinib, without increasing its toxicity. These results provide evidence that elucidates potential cross‐points between extracellular signals affecting lung cancer progression. Targeting CXCL5 may provide therapeutic benefits for lung cancer chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Abstract : What's New? Tumor development is determined by multi‐faceted interactions between cancer cells and their complex microenvironments. The present study showed that growth factor HB‐EGF and chemokine CXCL5 secreted by cancer‐infiltrating dendritic cells exerted a synergistic influence on the various stages of cancer development. Neutralizing CXCL5 using CXCL5 antibody significantly decreased the incidence of cancer progression and enhanced the efficacy of gefitinib in mice. This study thus demonstrated the synergistic influence of different protumorigenic factors produced in cancer environments and shed light on their functional interactions and pathologic roles. It also suggested that selective inhibition of multiple targets may be of therapeutic benefit.