Shape‐Tunable BaTiO3 Crystals Presenting Facet‐Dependent Optical and Piezoelectric Properties. Issue 9 (15th December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chen, Jing‐Wei; Pal, Arnab; Chen, Bo‐Hao; Kumar, Gautam; Chatterjee, Subhodeep; Peringeth, Kiran; Lin, Zong‐Hong; Huang, Michael H.
• Is Part Of: Small. Volume 19:Issue 9(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-12-15
• Subjects: barium titanate -- facet‐dependent properties -- ferroelectricity -- piezoelectricity -- pyroelectricity; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanoparticles -- Periodicals; Microtechnology -- Periodicals; 620.5
• DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205920
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-6810

Abstract

Abstract: BaTiO3 octahedra, edge‐, and corner‐truncated cubes, and cubes with four tunable sizes from 132 to 438 nm are synthesized by a solvothermal growth approach. Acetic acid treatment can cleanly remove BaCO3 impurity. Rietveld refinement of X‐ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectra help to confirm the particles have a tetragonal crystal structure. The crystals also exhibit size‐ and facet‐dependent bandgap shifts. BaTiO3 octahedra show larger piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and pyroelectric effects than truncated cubes and cubes. The measured dielectric constant differences should be associated with their various facet‐dependent behaviors. Piezoelectric nanogenerators fabricated from BaTiO3 octahedra consistently show the best performance than those containing truncated cubes and cubes. In particular, a nanogenerator with 30 wt.%‐incorporated octahedra displays an open‐circuit voltage of 23 V and short‐circuit current of 324 nA. The device performance is also highly stable. The maximum output power reaches 3.9 µW at 60 MΩ. The fabricated nanogenerator can provide sufficient electricity to power light‐emitting diodes. This work further demonstrates that various physical properties of semiconductor crystals show surface dependence. Abstract : BaTiO3 cubes, edge‐ and corner‐truncated cubes, and octahedra possessing a tetragonal crystal structure are synthesized. In addition to displaying optical size and facet effects, the crystals also show shape‐related piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and pyroelectric behaviors. A piezoelectric nanogenerator with 30 wt.%‐incorporated octahedra presents a high open‐circuit voltage of 23 V and short‐circuit current of 324 nA to power light‐emitting diodes.